11 march, 8 days ' national 2022TwoDrop the curtain. This year is the 20th anniversary of the party and the key year for the implementation of the 14th five-year planEducationThe task of reforming development is enormous. During both sessions, the delegates actively contributed to the education process and there was a lively interaction of public opinion both inside and outside. The china education press and press institute of educational data monitors the whole process and conducts systematic research and analyses the two educational hot spots。
Two sessions of educational history
(i) sequence of emotional trends and hot topic
Monitoring data showed that, as at 2400 hours on 11 march, a total of 307272 web articles related to education had been published during the two sessions. From the sources of opinion data, the two social platforms represented by twitter have the highest participation, accounting for 86. 31 per cent (see figure 1)。
From the hot topic lineDouble declineThis post is part of our special coverage syria protests 2011Vocational educationI don't knowBuilding the teaching professionAt the same time, primary and secondary school students are the top five in terms of family education. The “two drops” became the biggest educational hotspot in the two rounds of the year, with five consecutive years of vocational education entering the top five and five consecutive years of teacher-building in the top three (see figure 2)。
(ii) on behalf of the sound heat of members
Change the name of all “vocational technical” colleges in the country to “appliance technology” institutions. (representative of the national people's congress, yang jiande, president of the npcc, spreading heat 1081. 18)
2. Establishment of a coordinated system of community-wide co-operation and continuation of training in the field of external education. (representative of the national people's congress, liu chia, head of chongqing xia wan school, distribution heat 1069. 78)
It is proposed to support the independent upgrading of the eligible national and provincial “two-high-level” construction units to professional undergraduate institutions and to open the way to skills development. (ma yuxia, representative of the national people's congress and director of the zhengzhou institute of vocational and technical sciences, spreading heat)
4. Improving the quality of children in vocational high schools and improving the modern vocational education system. (representative of the national people's congress, secretary of the chemical industry college of the sihua teacher's university, cho hing long, spread heat 419. 9)
5. Establish a system of qualifications for guidance teachers in family education and strengthen supervision of the training of teachers in family education guidance. Zhang zhiyong, representative of the national people's congress and executive director of the chinese institute of educational policy, beijing teacher training university, disseminates heat 284. 52
(iii) online education topics
Monitoring data show that during the two sessions, a total of 19 educational topics entered the microblogging list, 15 educational topics entered the headlines today, 10 educational topics entered the 100-degree list and 10 educational topics entered the hot list。
From the points of view and the content of the topic, the more relevant the current economic and social situation, the more the topics of education are of interest to the netizens, such as the admission of the “three children” to school and higher education, the monitoring of the internet for minors, the examination of the arts for primary and secondary students, and the admission of students to postgraduate examinations. While different groups of opinion disagree on a number of issues and points, based on their own positions and interests, there is general agreement on the “promoting equity and quality in education” proposed in the report on the work of the government。
Two thematic analyses of hot spots
(i) “dive minus”
For the first time in the country, “two drops” are on the top of the list of two educational hotspots, and students are on the top 30 on subjects such as “minus” in primary and secondary schools, after-school services, job management, and governance of out-of-school training. During the two sessions, public opinion was focused on the improvement of the quality of teaching and learning in schools, the advancement of educational evaluation reforms, the double-reduced burden of teachers, the upgrading of after-school services and the management of teachers under the double-deductible。
Improving the quality of teaching and learning in schools is the highest focus under the theme of “two drops”, which is the general expectation of the parents' community and has a more focused voice on behalf of the members. In the light of the various responses, the promotion of efficiency gains in teaching and learning in schools and ensuring quality learning in schools remain the top priority in advancing the “dual down” approach. As the “dual down” process continues to move forward, public opinion has recognized that the “rule of justice” lies in educational evaluation reform. It was suggested that educational evaluation reform should be pursued in tandem with the “two-declining” policy, deepening the reform of advanced and mid-level examinations and ensuring that the subject direction was in line with the spirit of the “two-declining” approach and that the examination should be matched with the study. Some of the new problems and phenomena that have emerged since the implementation of the “dual decrease” are also of great concern, as are the ways in which out-of-school training in subjects such as “hidden mutation”, non-disciplinary training costs, parents' educational anxiety, etc., and the “more and more busy” teachers' problems in schools need to be addressed。
(ii) vocational education
For five consecutive years, vocational education has been ranked fifth on the top of the list of two educational hotspots, up two times this year from the same period last year. The revised report on government work added the phrase “development of modern vocational education”, “enhanced adaptation of vocational education”, and a high-quality orientation to address “vocational bias” and the shortage of highly skilled people has become a common aspiration. Discussions were held on 11 areas, namely, integration of teaching by birth, undergraduate vocational education, vocational education for rural empowerment, funding for vocational education and generalization。
During the “1455” period, the upgrading of industrial transformations, technological advances have placed greater demands on the skills of workers, and the failure to adapt training to market demand has further increased, highlighting the urgency of deepening the integration of maternity education. During the two sessions, discussions focused on improving the institutional framework for integration of maternity education, building pilot projects for integration of maternity education, and defining the rules of the integration policy. Vocational education at the undergraduate level received three more places of attention than in the same period last year, and “promoting the advancement of professional undergraduate education” was included in the ministry of education's “five breakthroughs” in vocational education in 2022. The upgrading of “two-higher” schools and the organization of vocational undergraduate studies are considered the main channels for the development of vocational education at the undergraduate level. In the context of rural renewal, there have been calls for vocational colleges to strengthen their awareness of “three farmers” and to take full advantage of their professional strengths to provide “water reservoirs” for rural renewal. In addition, issues such as investment in vocational education, generalization, vocational skills training, vocational education law, and teacher training have also given rise to much discussion。
(iii) teacher-building
For the fifth consecutive year, the teaching staff has been ranked third on the list of two educational hotspots. During the two sessions this year, public opinion focused on 10 areas such as teachers' salaries, teacher education and training, village teachers, teacher development and management, and teachers' “depression”。
In line with the same period last year, teachers ' pay continues to be the most important focus of attention under the theme of teacher-building. There is a high level of recognition that “salary treatment of teachers is an important element in attracting highly qualified and stable education teams”, and calls for further improvement of the financial security mechanisms for teachers' salaries in primary and secondary schools, and serious follow-up of local actors' responsibility for the lack of guaranteed salaries for teachers. In order to promote teacher education to meet the needs of high-level teachers in the country's modernization process, the committee members recommended that the top-level design be strengthened and targeted efforts be strengthened to deepen the synergy of innovative mechanisms for teacher education at regional teacher training colleges. In the context of rural revitalization, the focus of village teachers remains high. In this year's report on the work of the government, “improving targeted training, on-the-job training and security of treatment for rural teachers”, the parties look forward to policy support and institutional guarantees to motivate highly qualified young people to pursue rural teacher careers. In the context of the “diplomatic” approach, there has been an increase in calls to address the shortage of teachers, reduce the number of non-teaching tasks of teachers, safeguard the rights of teachers to participate in after-school services, implement “flexible access to work” and supplementary rest systems。
Two sessions on educational profiling
As can be seen from outside the meeting, there are four aspects of this year's educational experience:
1. As a result of major sporting events, the international situation and the spread of the epidemic, the total number of educational data this year is lower than last year. In terms of the distribution of data sources, the two sessions have generated widespread interest in social media platforms and have a clear interaction of opinion within and outside。
In the context of the continuing deepening of the two-declining initiative, there is still a marked polarization of opinion on the perception and effectiveness of the two-declining initiative. New issues and phenomena that have emerged since the implementation of the “dual decrease” have become the focus of outside public opinion。
The high intensity of the committee's recommendations on the “three-child” education package has contributed to the peak of the two educational trends. Because of the wide range of topics, extended topics such as educational resources, parenting costs, gender, marriage, “inner volume” and so on are intertwined, the internal and external perspectives converge。
4. The issue of education is broad, multi-participating and complex, such as early childhood care, universalization, educational evaluation reform, family education, educational anxiety, etc., which is a highly interactive topic of outside public opinion and which calls for greater synergy。
Comprehensive study
Public opinion is generally aware that the ecological changes in basic education have been significant and profound since its implementation. More systematic policy design and implementation have taken place around the fundamental tasks of the lyde people, such as “depression” of primary and secondary school students, governance of out-of-school training, five management, after-school services, security of treatment for teachers, and improvement of the quality of education in the family. The overall success of the two reductions is clear, but there are still pressing deep-water challenges in the areas of long-term governance of out-of-school training, improvement in the quality of teaching in schools, community partnerships and educational evaluation reforms。
2. The development of vocational education has been at the top of the list of two educational topics for five consecutive years, and this year it will be devoted to the generalization of professional education, the improvement of the quality of vocational education, the integration of maternity education, etc. Although there is still a division of opinion concerning vocational education, an overall consensus is emerging to build a modern vocational education system. In the long-standing generalizations, soft-segregation views are becoming mainstream. All levels of education and vocational institutes must combine public opinion, policy implementation, education supervision, job upgrading and so on, so as to avoid social segregation and bias in the implementation of local policy。
3. For five consecutive years, teacher-building, as a key underpinning for the promotion of quality education, has been given high priority by two public opinion groups. There have also been a number of new changes in the teaching of primary and secondary education, in the content and form of the daily work of teachers. This year, more attention has been paid to outstanding issues such as the salary treatment of teachers in compulsory education, the construction of village teachers' teams, teachers' “deficit”, teacher development reform and teacher education training. Education departments and schools everywhere need to find a link between the development of quasi-educational quality and the professional development of teachers, in order to fully stimulate the ownership and creativity of the teaching community and to promote the sense of professional responsibility, achievement and well-being of teachers。
4. The issue of student mental health was of great concern to the members of the committee this year, and the recommendations related mainly to a unified early warning and intervention mechanism, integrated mental health development in primary, secondary and tertiary schools, integration of mental health care into health care, and strengthening mental health teacher development. In its report on the work of the government, it is proposed that “the completion of services such as mental health should be accelerated”, in line with the call for the establishment of a comprehensive, responsive, professional and responsive mental health work system for students, which will need to be coordinated and accelerated。
5. The employment situation of graduates of higher education institutions is critical and complex, and there is general consensus on strengthening employment entrepreneurship policy support and continuous line services. This year, public opinion called for the creation of a policy and legal environment conducive to fair employment, the development of employment monitoring and services for graduates of higher education institutions, the strengthening of grass-roots employment policy support and the establishment of an integrated employment linkage mechanism for university students. As a relevant issue, the strong demand for highly qualified professionals in society also placed greater demands on the development of higher education during the “145” period, with public opinion looking forward to tangible results in terms of “two-class” construction, the development of higher education institutions in the central and western regions, and the shortage of skilled personnel。
In the face of the crisis of the epidemic and the economic downturn, the new generation of information technology development opportunities have been seized, the dynamism and potential of educational innovation have been galvanized, the “digital china” has been integrated and led into the construction process, and has become a common voice of the education system and society at large. At the beginning of this year, the ministry of education launched the education digital strategy initiative, which provides a framework for action for the innovative development of the “xiv-5” education by systematically designing public service platforms for education, the provision and sharing of educational resources, the construction of intelligent classrooms and classrooms, the reform of evaluation methods and changes in governance models. Education departments and schools everywhere need to move quickly to accelerate the digitalization of education。
Zhang yijun, xianmei, sun meng jie, sun xiao, liu xian, zhang jie and huang shih fu
Chinese journal of education, 6th edition, 18/03, 2022
