I have been riding electric bikes for five years, and i rely on them to get to work and buy food to get my children, counting the miles that i ride nearly 3,000 kilometres per year, totalling more than 14,000 kilometres. It's been thought, of course, that the right-hand switch is to adjust the battery voltage, and the deeper it is, the higher the battery output voltage, the faster the car runs. That was the idea of all the neighbors, the runners, who were riding together, until the previous time, when i had been driving 16 years of repair and repair, when the teacher opened the switch and gave me a statement, completely breaking my five-year-old misperception. Today, the principle, the actual data and the functional riding technique are clearly stated in big words, all of which fit into the real circuit of the vehicle without exaggerating。
I. Error zone on which most of the car owners have stepped: signal voltage as primary battery voltage
The separation of electric vehicles into completely unconnected circuits is the key to understanding the rationale and the source of confusion for all。
The first is the power main circuit, the battery power line. Common country-coded electric vehicles on the market are divided into 48v, 60v and 72v battery specifications with fixed voltage values. Take my own 60v lead-acid battery, for example, full electrostatic empty voltage 67v, which is stabilized at 58-63v in normal cycling load status, regardless of how slow it is or how fast it is, and the total voltage of the battery to the controller does not rise. Car 48v is about 53v full of electric space, cycling stabilizes 46-50v; car 72v is 80v full of electrical space, cycling maintains 70-76v and does not alter base voltage by switching the opening。
The second is the transfer of weak telecommunications lines and complete isolation of high-pressure power lines. Now 99 per cent of the new electric vehicles in the market are wire transfers for hale, with only magnets, hole induction chips, double springs, no voltage resistance, large power metre units, and only three line-connected controllers: the red line is 5v constant power supply, the black line negative polar line and the yellow line signal line. On the ground, the teacher used a large-scale statement of reality to release the static, the signal line stabilized the output of 0. 8v base voltage; a one third of the journey, around 2v of the signal voltage; half of the trip, 3v of the signal voltage; and the turnover was full, with a maximum of 4. 2 v。
The weak signals of 0. 8v to 4. 2v, even the driver's light, are insufficient to directly regulate the high pressure of dozens of volts of batteries, which alone can prove that the switch is not a pressure-relief device。
A lot of people are misperceptive, but the sense is twisting up to synchronize speed, and the subconscious binds “speed change” and “voltage regulation”, ignoring the core logic of the separation of the two circuits。
Ii. Transfer of real impact: only cycling instructions are transmitted, and the real speed is the controller
A simple life-changing example is that of an air-conditioning remote control, which sends only high-temperature signals and does not directly control the 220v power supply; the electric vehicle is instead responsible for the transmission of speed needs, and the real control of the power output is the whole vehicle controller, which is equivalent to the “brain” of the vehicle。
The complete workflow is simple:
Following the electrical operation of the vehicle, the controller continues to transmit stable 5v low voltage power to maintain normal operation of the hole chip
(b) the right-hand twister, the synchronous rotation of the magnet inside the handle, and the hole chip senses changes in magnetic field strength and synchronizes the output of the corresponding numbers of weak telecommunications
Signal lines transmit 0. 8v-4. 2v voltage commands to controllers
When the controller receives the signal, it adjusts the current size and the length of the transmission to the electric power through the pwm pulse wide-modulation technology, thereby changing the speed of the electrical transmission and achieving slow and slow adjustments。
Direct summary: switch to "transmission" and tell the controller whether you want to be slow, medium or full; the battery voltage is fixed at full speed, the power output, the current regulation is done by the controller, and the switch itself is free of any voltage。
Here is an additional cold knowledge: the old electric cars did have a slide-retarding switch that could slightly alter the circuit's voltage, but the heat was severe, fast, short-lived, had been completely phased out after the new nation's landmarks in 2018, and they are now completely invisible in the new cars on the market。
Iii. Getting to understand the principle, changing the pattern of injury riding and extending the life of batteries
Knowing that power is controlled by unrepressed, controllers can explain many of the daily use of vehicles while avoiding the wrong riding of damaged vehicles, the mechanic gave a set of real maintenance statistics: 62 per cent of the electric bottles that are replaced every year in the shop are ageing early, and the owner is used to starting all the swings and climbings。
Long-term start-up, controller receives 4. 2v full load signals, instantaneous output of large current shock battery panels, lead-acid batteries endure large currents for long periods, and re-carrying is expected to decline by about 15 per cent per year; lithium batteries are subject to frequent large electrical discharges, and the temperature differential of the core becomes larger, reducing the recycling life。
The idea of combining the principles is to make two practical recommendations for landings:
(b) start with a slow wrinkle, with a two-part acceleration, with a one-third low-speed slide of 2-3 metres before gradually increasing the opening to reduce the instant shock of large currents
Uphill ramps will be half-paced and will not be completely screwed, controllers will not be required to sustain full power output, generators will become less hot and continuous power will increase by 8-12 per cent。
There are also two common failures on a day-to-day basis that can be judged simply by this doctrine and avoid the risk of being charged by maintenance stores:
(a) auto-mobilization of vehicles and unwinding of the switch: damage to the hole chip, fixed transmission of the highest 4. 2v signal, only a dozen dollars to replace the switch without replacing the expensive controller
When the vehicle is twisted, it stops when it leaves: the signal line is loosed and the line is decorated, and it can be repaired by re-stabilizing the line without replacing large items。
After five years of riding electric cars, it had been wrong to think that direct battery voltage would be transposed, and this time after all-use measurements and teacher-students, the entire electrical control logic had been completely fine-tuned. A simple sentence summarizes the whole core: the core component of the output of 0. 8-4. 2v weak telecommunications, with only the transmission of speed commands, the main voltage of the battery fixed throughout the entire course and the control of the power and speed is the control。
The understanding of this rationale is more than simply the growth of small knowledge; it makes it easier to adapt riding habits, reduce battery, electrical, controller losses, reduce post-maintenance costs and make routine riding safer。
