Status of new energy vehicle maintenance and development measures
Summary: as science and technology continue to improve, new energy vehicle technologies also have new space for progress. Science draws on advanced new energy technologies to drive car development with environmentally sound and energy-efficient effects. Due to the emergence of new energy vehicles, adjustment and transformation are based on traditional car power. Taking into account his own work experience, the author outlines the common types of new energy vehicles, using new energy vehicle maintenance detection techniques to provide targeted solutions to their common failures, to improve the efficiency and quality of new energy vehicle maintenance, to help new energy vehicles drive effectively to protect the safety of drivers and to lay the foundations for sustainable development of our automobile industry。
Keywords: new energy vehicles; failure diagnosis; cause of failure
Introduction
The introduction of new lithium batteries and oil and electricity blends as the driving force has significantly reduced vehicle tail gas emissions, contributed to energy conservation, improved environmental quality, long-term growth in the automobile industry and coordinated economic and social benefits. As a result, our country has introduced a number of new energy vehicle purchase subsidies that have stimulated the sale of new energy vehicles. In order to ensure the safe movement of new energy vehicles, the car repair industry is based on different types of new energy vehicle characteristics, focusing on analysis of hybrid oil and electricity vehicles, pure electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicle structures, frequent malfunctions, trouble analysis of brake systems, drive systems and power supply systems, testing of various parts of new energy vehicles using advanced electronic diagnostic techniques, detection of vehicle parts, electronic control systems, engines, etc., analysis of causes of failure, rapid design of maintenance programmes, reduction of the cost of maintenance of new energy vehicles, safe driving of new energy vehicles and extension of the useful life of new energy vehicles。
1 common failure analysis for new energy vehicles
1. 1 batteries of power cells
Motor vehicles are one of the new energy vehicles, with the use of electric energy as a key category for new energy vehicles, with environmentally sound and energy-efficient effects. There is a clear difference between power energy and moving cars, if, in the course of service, they use lithium batteries as the main power, and complete battery equipment is constructed through many lithium batteries to meet the operational conditions of electric energy vehicles. Nevertheless, in the course of official service, lithium batteries are located mainly in the event of failure. When the performance of lithium batteries varies, so much as the charging or discharge of small lithium batteries is unreasonable, leading to a gradual reduction in the battery's life span and a significant failure of the battery. At the same time, new energy vehicles, when they transmit batteries, are so hot that they remain in the firing wires that, over a long period of time, they age the insulation layer of high-pressure power generation, leading to circuit failure and short circuits, which, if not completely eliminated, could have a significant impact on the movement of new energy vehicles。
1. 2 air-conditioning failure system
The role of the air-conditioning failure system is mainly to adjust and improve the temperature differentials in the internal environment of the vehicle and to ensure that the vehicle is operated in a comfortable and environmentally sound manner. Nevertheless, the new energy vehicle air-conditioning system has many malfunctions during its life, mainly due to the leakage of internal materials, which has prevented air-conditioning from playing its real role. The leakage of air-conditioning materials was due to abnormal conditions of refrigerants within the system or to structural anomalies that caused similar problems. At the same time, when new energy vehicles have been operating in bad conditions, regular maintenance and testing of vehicle air-conditioning systems are required, appropriate maintenance testing programmes are developed in accordance with the science of the state of use of new energy vehicles, and failure to detect maintenance programmes is expected to result in an excessive increase in the rate of damage to internal parts of the air-conditioning system, resulting in further deterioration of the air-conditioning system。
1. 3 control system failure
The control system is the “brain” of a new energy vehicle, whose motors and their control systems affect the proper functioning of the vehicle, and the new energy vehicle control system consists of motors and motor controllers that provide power for the vehicle. Common malfunctions in the control system include the excessive temperature failure of the electric controller igbt, the failure of the rotor sensor and the associated failure of the electrical control system, the complexity of the cause of the failure, the difficulty of detecting the failure in the eye, the need for detection using specialized instruments to quickly locate the failure and the high level of professionalism of maintenance personnel。
2 maintenance techniques for frequent failures of new energy vehicles
2. 1 new energy vehicle brake system failure diagnosis and maintenance technology
The brake system is linked to vehicle safety, the new energy vehicle brake system includes car brakes, stationary brakes, emergency brakes and auxiliary brake systems, and many new energy vehicle manufacturers have improved their brake systems on traditional energy vehicles, connected electronic vacuum boost pumps at the end of the pipeline, based on the old vacuum enablers, and increased vehicle brake sensitivity. Maintenance staff could use the abs failure code to develop new energy brake system failure diagnostic standards, focusing on the detection of electrical vacuum pump failure, such as lacquer on vacuum pressure sensors and their associated circuits, vacuum pipe + closed and vbu systems, to determine the cause of brake system failure as soon as possible. The maintenance staff can first check the malfunction code table according to the model, first connect the diagnostic device to read the failure code and the pressure values of the brake system, make judgements based on the failure alarm light activated by the malfunctioning vehicle, double-stamp the pedal, allow the vacuum pump to operate several times, observe whether the vacuum pump area is affixed or affixed, check whether the vacuum pump connection is loose and remove external malfunctions. In addition, the maintenance staff check the sealing of the vacuum pump pipe and focus on the hoses between the various parts to see whether the hoses are softened, distorted and secure the sealing of the brake system. Once the failure has been resolved, the maintenance staff will also check the brake system to see if the dashboard ready light is on, which will restore normality to the brake system representing the new energy vehicle。
2. 2 structures and overhauls of hybrid oil and electricity vehicles
At present, in the market for new energy vehicles, the market for pure electric vehicles is lower than that for hybrid cars. The oil- and electricity-mixed motor vehicles have a high market holdings, rely mainly on fuel for fuel, can also be charged with batteries during high-speed travel, and can be reduced by energy-saving emissions by combining electricity with fuel at low speed or start. Fuel- and electricity-mixed vehicles add batteries and circuit detection techniques to the maintenance and detection of more traditional vehicles, typically detecting vehicle batteries for oxidation, power loss and relay loosening, cleaning the oxide generated by the batteries in a timely manner and replacing them when damage to their spare parts is detected。
2. 3 purely electric vehicle maintenance and management techniques
While oil and electricity hybrid cars are now more popular, pure electric cars are the future trends and research focus of new energy vehicles. The power source for pure electric vehicles is mainly accumulators, and in the maintenance and management techniques for pure electric vehicles, batteries need to be recharged on a regular basis to avoid power losses and to maintain the battery's good state. The vehicle's circuit system and vital parts, such as electrical appliances, are regularly tested to remove safety hazards from the vehicle。
2. 4 maintenance and diagnosis of air conditioning malfunctions
Unlike traditional fuel vehicles, many new energy vehicles use batteries to power air-conditioning systems, which increase the burden on motor engines and air-conditioning compressors in intangibles. Maintenance staff can first check whether the vehicle air-conditioning failure lights are on, determine whether the air-conditioning high-pressure system is normal, check the soc values and check the air-conditioning controller plugs and condensers in a timely manner to ensure that the new energy vehicle air-conditioning system hardware is functional. If the new energy car compressor is damaged and the controller's circuits are broken, this could affect the operation of the vehicle air-conditioning system and result in the normal delivery of cold or warm winds. The maintenance staff, when repairing the cooling leaks of the new energy vehicle air-conditioning system, can first screen the cooling pipeline, first by checking its sealing, primarily to see whether the seal tape is ageing or broken and, if it is discovered, replacing the new parts in a timely manner. The second is to check the adequacy of refrigerated oil in air conditioners, to remove air from air in air conditioners, to add an appropriate quantity of refrigerants and to ensure the cooling effect of air conditioning. Maintenance staff can use newly introduced sensors for trouble-shooting and maintenance, starting with sensors to scan equipment such as air-conditioning compressors, seals and chillers to detect ageing and breakdown of the equipment, to replace spare parts in a timely manner and to ensure smooth operation of the air-conditioning system。
3 concluding remarks
As modern science and technology mature, responding positively to national environmental strategies becomes a necessary guide for the future development of the automobile sector. Increased attention to the maintenance and repair of new energy vehicles, timely understanding of the characteristics and causes of new energy vehicle failures, scientific applications of maintenance detection techniques and rapid response to new energy vehicle failures will not only improve the efficiency of maintenance personnel but also ensure the safety of drivers and contribute to the more stable development of new energy vehicles。
