This document details the industry standards for the monthly maintenance and frequency of inspections of cranes, including the maintenance content (lubrication, structural inspection, electrical system testing, etc.) and the focus of inspections (security devices, wirelines, limitr states, etc.), and quotes professional norms such as gb/t 31052-2014 and tsg q7015-2016 which state that at least one full maintenance and two inspections per month are required, while adjusting the cycles to ensure the safe operation of the equipment in the light of actual conditions。
I. Monthly frequency and standard of crane maintenance
In accordance with the rules for the management of the use of lifting machinery (tsg q7015-2016) and the maintenance of cranes (gb/t 31052-2014), comprehensive maintenance is required at least once a month, including:
Lubrication maintenance: add lubricant to the reverse bearings, gear gears, sliders, etc. To ensure no dry friction. Structural check: checks whether the main beam, legs, trajectories have cracks or deformations and the bolts are loose. Electrical system testing: check electrical machines, controllers, cable insulation to avoid short-circuit risks. Brakes adjustment: test power rectangles to ensure that brake blades are worn up to 30% of the original thickness (reference jb/t 9738-2000)。
Special cases (e. G., high dust, continuous operations) need to be reduced to one in two weeks and to record maintenance desk accounts。
Ii. Monthly crane inspections and key items
At least two regular inspections per month (according to article 22 of tsg q7015-2016), the focus is on:
Safety device check: performance of limitrs, overloaders, wind speeders. (b) steel wireline state: check for wiring, deformation or rust (for end-of-life criteria see gb/t 5972-2016). Hydraulic systems: no leaks in the pipes and pressure gauge readings within rated ranges。
The following is a comparison of the main points of the inspection of common crane type:
Priority risk tips for type inspections
Bridge crane
Orbital flattening, wheel wear on big cars
Orbital deviation leads to gnawing
Tower crane
Attached device stability
High-air operations need to be protected from overturning
Car hanging
A leg hydraulic tank is sealed
Soft ground-based needs pads
Iii. Sector recommendations and corrections
Frequent disputes: while some enterprises reduce the number of maintenance times to reduce costs, studies have shown that standard maintenance can reduce the failure rate by 40 per cent (data derived from the china heavy mechanical safety report 2023). The figures are based on the following: 1 policy 2 inspection per month is a common standard, but hf equipment such as port cranes is subject to adjustment to the manufacturer's manual (e. G., one inspection per week for heavy labour). Attribution of liability: the employer will bear the principal legal liability for the accident caused by the failure to comply with the regulations (cf. Section 34 of the special equipment safety act)。
Summary: cranes need to be maintained in conjunction with legislation, work and equipment manuals, and there is no mechanical use of values. It is recommended that precision protection be achieved through the monitoring of goods network (e. G. Vibration sensors), rather than relying only on fixed cycles。
