Property maintenance is the full range of maintenance and repair activities undertaken to repair damage to property caused by natural and human-induced factors, to maintain and improve property use functions and to extend the life of the property throughout its life cycle. Property maintenance is broadly and narrowly defined. Property maintenance in the narrow sense refers only to the conservation and maintenance of property, while property maintenance in the broad sense includes conservation, maintenance and alteration of property. The normal use and safety of the property and the extension of its useful life can be assured by varying degrees of maintenance and repair depending on the degree of damage. Property maintenance, which is a simple reproduction of property, continues and adds value in the area of circulation, not only as an important service element for households provided by property service companies, but also as an essential means of protecting urban property. Specifically, physical repairs include the daily maintenance of property by property service companies, the maintenance of damaged property, and the restoration, improvement, refurbishment and decoration of different levels of property functions. Specific maintenance developers have closed and are small- and medium-sized projects, and developers are not covered by physical maintenance work for project dumps and large-scale repairs, integrated repairs (in-scatter repair) and renovations (upgrading)。
Main project
There are two criteria for major engineering repairs:
1. The roofs, pillars, beams, stripes, tatters, etc. Shall be repaired in such a way as to identify the hazards and cause serious damage and shall be reinforced, reinforced or replaced. Unreasonable old structures, nodes should be overhauled if they affect safe use. Severely damaged wood structures shall be replaced, to the extent possible, by brick-laying or reinforced concrete components. In the case of reinforced concrete components, minor stripping or breakage shall be promptly repaired. Concrete carbide, cracking, stripping, and more severe rusty steel bands shall be measured through testing, determination of the carrying capacity of the building blocks, and enforcement or substitution measures。
2. If the foundation is not balanced and affects the upper structure, the cascading, tilting, cracking and deforming of the body shall be determined, reinforced or removed in a targeted manner。
Ii. Doors, worths and destruction
The repair of doors and windows should be flexible, sutureded and undisturbed, and the renovation work should be robust, smooth, beautiful and seamless. Specific repair standards for doors, windows and renovations are as follows:
1. Garbage doors and shutters are generally damaged and should be repaired。
2. If damage is caused to the wall, the wall and other light-quality barriers, it shall be repaired; if the damage is serious and conditions permit, the brick wall may be modified。
3. Refurbishment of frames, curtain boxes, windowsills, cartridges, closets, fireplaces, etc., generally damaged and repaired as is。
4. The kicker must be repaired for partial damage, disability and loss; most of the damage may be replaced by concrete kicker。
Iii. Building engineering
The standard of repair for ground works on the building is as follows:
1. When sand, empty drums or cracks are removed from the ground in ordinary cement buildings, they shall be repaired or reworked. It could not be repaired and could be converted to the corresponding standard floors。
2. If the brick floor is damaged, broken or flat, it shall be scrapped or resurfaced. The indoor humidity is so severe that additional tidal layers or concrete and mass floors can be added。
Iv. Housing projects
The renovation standards for the house works are as follows:
1. If the surface structure is damaged, it should be repaired or replaced; if it is unstable, it should be reinforced. In cases where the original structure is too poor, or where the water is too long, the slopes are too small, the cold balconies, etc., cause serious leakage, the repairs as they are should not exclude the leaks and should be refurbished。
The roof of the roof, the exit line, the ridge, the backwater, the skylight, the ditch, the cleavage, the slash, the sink, the pipe, etc. Shall be repaired; the damage shall be severe and reversed. In the event of major repairs, the original landing pipes and pipes will be repaired. In the case of houses above the second floor, there are no water pipes or pipes, the conditions are allowed to be increased。
3. The structural features of the house, such as the walls and chimneys of the daughter, are seriously damaged and may be repaired or removed without prejudice to the city's appearance and use。
4. Leakage of concrete floors in steel bars should be identified, waterproofing or waterproofing should be used for damage; structural damage should be reinforced or reworked。
5. If a glass roof or a tiger window is damaged or leaked, it should be repaired; the damage is serious and can be turned over, but is not generally new。
6. The existing insulation layer on the floor should be repaired。
V. Silling projects
The remediation standards for the ash removal project are as follows:
1. The exterior wall should be repaired, the excavated shell is too large to be completely eliminated and, if the original plaster material is too poor, the standards of the material used can be raised. The dusting of the main street and square houses along the street was damaged and repaired as it was; if rehabilitation was difficult, other materials could be used to replace it without lowering the standard of use and without compromising the coordination of colour。
2. If the water wall is damaged, the embedded stitches shall be repaired; if the whole wall is too tarnished to be dusted; if the foot of the outside wall is broken, it shall be repaired; and if there is no foot-strangling, it may be reworked。
3. The interior wall should be repaired, as if more than half of each wall had been damaged and could be eliminated. If there is no kick line, a concrete kick line should be added to the interior wall. All kinds of wall skirt damage should be repaired or painted in accordance with the need to protect the wall body. Impacts, such as high indoor and outdoor differentials or ditches, cause long-term dampness of the surface, which affects use and can be used as a waterproof layer。
4. In the event of damage to the roof, care should be taken to check the internal structure and ensure safety. There is a loose ash layer and a risk of collapse, and re-doing must be eliminated。
Vi. Paint painting works
The renovation standards for painting and painting works are as follows:
1. If a wooden door or window, a veil or window, a blind door or window, a seal or a dressboard, etc. Paints the shell, stripping or loss of protective function, the maintenance shall be carried out in a cyclical manner; the above building or parts shall be removed and painted。
2. Steel doors and windows, steel roofs and support, cast iron sewage pipes or other types of iron components (fences, bars, iron doors, etc.), which paint a shell, stripping or rusty iron, shall be derelict, stainless paint or paint. The maintenance period for steel doors and windows or various types of iron paints is typically 3-5 years。
3. Indoor walls and roofs may be renovated。
Vii. Weapons, equipment, equipment and health
The standards for the repair of water, electricity, health and heating equipment are as follows:
1 the repair of electrical lines shall be subject to the operating regulations of the power supply sector. Installation services may generally be provided unless otherwise provided, except that the meter and attachments shall be provided by the user; they shall not be modified at normal times。
2. Damage to, congestion in, and lack of spare parts of, up-water and sanitation equipment shall be repaired or made available at the expense of the commercial household。
3. In the event of damage to equipment such as elevators, heating, plumbing, boilers, ventilation, etc., it shall be repaired in a timely manner; spare parts shall be fully equipped。
Below are details of minor repairs, minor repairs, major repairs, general repairs, renovation works
I. Minor repairs
The projects include, inter alia:
1. Leaking, patching of the surface layer, flood, ridge, etc.
2. Refurbishment of steel, wooden doors and windows, replacement of hardware, glass, window veils, paint, etc.
3. Ground level of the repair building
4. Fixing of internal and external walls, dusting and painting of ceilings, windowsills, etc.
5. The removal of bricks and the filling of local walls, individual arches and the replacement of individual beams
6. The breakdown of equipment such as water, electricity, heating and gas and the maintenance of spare parts
7 - sewerage, repair of wells, repair of gavages, dispersive water and fallows
9. Inspection of houses, temporary reinforcement of hazardous components, etc。
Ii. Medium engineering
These include, inter alia:
1. A small number of structural components that have formed hazardous sites
2. Houses generally damaged and in need of partial repair
3. Public living equipment for the whole building requires partial replacement, modifications, new assembly works and individual project maintenance。
Major repairs
Where partial removal or demolition of the main structures and building equipment is required, the repair work for the construction of more than 25 per cent of the new structure in the building at a single cost is major。
Main elements:
1. Most of the main structure is seriously damaged, with collapsed or partially endangered houses
2. Public living equipment for the whole house must be replaced with plumbing, with modifications and new housing
3. Housing needs to be partially renovated and equipped to improve living conditions
4. Houses need to be reinforced with a specific earthquake-resistant structure。
Iv. Integrated maintenance (scrapshops)
In the case of multiple buildings or large single buildings, one-time repairs of planned blocks, including large, medium and small repairs, are carried out at a cost of more than 20 per cent of the new construction price for the same structure of the building。
Main elements:
1. Most of the (barrells) were seriously damaged, or were generally damaged, and required systematic repairs
2. Planned maintenance works will need to be carried out to change the face (barrel)。
V. Renovation (renewal)
Renovation works are those that require full demolition (including in situ renovations or alterations) or renovations using a small number of main components。
Main elements:
1. Houses whose main structure is completely or largely damaged, which are out of normal use and in danger of collapse
2. Houses that continue to be used as a result of natural disasters; the main structure, with poorly constructed and unrepaired houses
(certificate of advice and declaration, please contact 2d)
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