According to information from it house on 8 august, according to xinhua, the research centre on genomics of the joint research institute of the fujian university of agroforestry, and the team of professor min shwe, the national centre for research on sugar cane engineering technology, published their latest research results in nature on 5 august。
For the first time, the study solved the core problem of cytogenetics, which has plagued the international sugar cane breeding community for more than 100 years, from the genomics, chromosomes and dna molecules。
Most of the modern sugar cane varieties that are being widely cultivated are mixed between high sugar, high biomass tropical sugar cane (mothers) and highly resistant and adaptable wild hand-cutting (fathers)。
The key to the success of this breeding system lies in a particular genetic phenomenon known as “mother-born recovery”: the number of reproductive cell chromosomes produced by mother-borns is not routinely halved, but is transmitted to future generations in a doubling form (2n), while father-borns provide half a set of chromosomes (n) formed by normal reduction, resulting in a ratio of mother-to-father genome contribution of approximately 2 to 1。
This “mother-to-child” approach allows future generations to retain to the greatest extent the sugary form of tropical sugar cane and integrates the resistant genes of wild sugar cane. As early as the twentieth century, breeders had noticed the phenomenon, but its mechanisms had been a mystery。
The research team first acquired the eight-fold tropical sugar cane la purple and the ten-fold wild hand-cutting u. S. 56-14-4, using long-read long sequences and single-fold resolution genome sequencing techniques, creating “identity files” for each chromosome. The subsequent systematic analysis of the eight mixed f1 offspring showed that all offspring were stable in their parent-patern genome ratio of about 2:1。
The team found that the “second breakup recovery” mechanism had led to the formation of the mother-to-child formulation. The formation of the parent formulation went through a normal first reduction split, with the same chromosomal completing pairing, reorganization and separation, followed by a “rehabilitation” of the second chromosomal, where two sister chromosomes of a chromosome were not normally separated into two cells, but were integrated into the same pair. To track this process, the team developed a new algorithm for recombinant breakpoint analysis for complex multiple genomes, klassify, which identified two types of recombinant breakpoints from the parent chromosomes among all hybrid offspring。
Studies have shown that sugar cane retains an average of about 62. 5 per cent of the genetic diversity of the parent formulations, of which about 50 per cent comes from the basic chromosomal combination that entered the cell after the first reduction split, and about 12. 5 per cent from other congener chromosomal fragments that were brought into the genetic restructuring exchange. Accordingly, the team amended the traditional “2n+n” genetic model to a more precise “n1*x2+n2” expression framework。
The co-author of the paper, chushui, associate professor at the joint research institute of the fujian agroforestry university channel, said that future researchers were expected to use this pattern to better target and predict retention and restructuring ratios for good genetic combinations and to more efficiently screen good materials from a large number of hybrid generations. The genomic analysis methodology and thinking developed by the study could provide new tools for the formation of mechanisms for the resolution of innumerable formulations of other complex multi-fold plants。
On the morning of 6 august, fujian agroforestry university held a launch of a major study on the rehabilitation of sugar cane mothers in the kurayama campus in fukushima. The paper was led by fujian agroforestry university as a communications unit, with the united states center for agricultural research in hawaii as a partner. Associate professor jus hui and professor tang haibao are co-authors and professor min swe gwang is the author of the newsletter。
