Fruit corn, which is a high-quality product in fresh maize, with high sugar, tart skin, a soft taste and abundant nutrients, has occupied an important place in agricultural production and market consumption in recent years. Its combination of “fruit sweetness” and “grain nutrition”, which can be fed, evaporated or processed, not only meets the consumer's demand for healthy and delicious food products, but also serves as a preferred crop for farmers to optimize their industrial structure and improve their economic performance. After long-term production practices and market tests, a group of highly adapted, stable and high-quality fruit and maize varieties emerged, of which 10 core varieties, thanks to outstanding combinations, became recognized as standard species within the industry. This paper will provide an overview of the characteristics of the fruit and maize varieties that are better produced, as well as a detailed analysis of the characteristics, advantages and applications of the ten core species, to inform the selection of planters, production patterns and market flows。
I. Core characteristics of fruit and maize varieties that produce excellent reputations
In agricultural production, well-proclaimed fruit and maize varieties need to meet the four core requirements of “resilient cultivation, productive efficiency, good commodity quality and widespread market recognition”. At the planting end, such varieties are generally broadly appropriate, adapted to the climatic and soil conditions of different regions, are resistant (anti-disease, invertebrate, invertebrate or high temperature), are easily managed and can be stabilized without complex technologies; at the output end, they are highly productive, have a high degree of symmetry, have a low baldness, produce more per unit area than normal varieties and have a flexible harvest time, which can be adjusted to market demand, and prolong their up-to-market cycle; at the quality level, they are well recognized, have a strong consumer acceptance of fresh food sales, can be used for short-packing, double-coloured or colour processing, can be generally at more than 10 per cent, some high-end varieties can reach 15-19 per cent, have a strong sense of softness, water is sufficient, and is resistant to storage, transport, and the shelf is longer; and at the market level, they are widely accepted, and can be suitable for short-food sales, and can be used for free-packing, fast-tung, cans, can be made, etc。
The best fruit and maize varieties currently produced are divided into three main groups: sweet corn varieties, with high sugar and a soft mouth as the core advantage, suitable for raw and fresh food, with a variety of 608 and 20 sweets, etc.; sweet corn varieties with sweet corn, with soft and soft sweet corn with sweet corn, with a wide range of audiences, with a variety of agricultural thories 336 and 519; and special colour varieties, with distinctive colours such as purple, yellow and white, with functional nutrients such as green and yellow, high market value added and a variety such as kyobaki 219 and flying flowers. These varieties, which have been growing for many years, have created a stable scale of cultivation and a good market reputation in the country's main producing regions, and are central to the promotion of quality development in the fruit and maize industry。
Ii. Detailed analysis of the ten core fruit and maize varieties
1. Agriculture 336
The agricultural zirconium 336, a highly folic acid-cracked corn species selected by the institute of corn studies of the beijing academy of agroforestry, is known as the “best-eat maize species” and was validated in 2020 through the country's four main production regions, north east, hwang cai sea, south-west and south-east, and is one of the most widely available new varieties of fresh maize. The species is grown to a minimum of 81. 9 days (north east china), 230 cm tall, 92 cm tall, compact and resistant, with a planting density of about 3,500 per acre. Vegetable, 20. 3 cm long, white on the axis, white on the seed grains, coordination of the sugardew ratio, sweet, sweet and fresh fragrance in the mouth, very thin and non-stereogenic. Its distinctive advantage lies in the nutritional abundance of seeds containing more than 300 μg/100g of folic acid, which can be used as a good-quality food to supplement folic acid, while being highly pathogenic and adaptable, with high yields in different areas such as the north-east black soil, the yellow sea plain and the south-west hills, which can produce 815. 6 kg of acreage. The varieties were selected as 10 major new products in rural and agricultural areas of china and as the dominant species in the country. They were grown and processed on a large scale by hundreds of enterprises such as “47 north latitudes”, with excellent food and processing performance and excellent market reputations。
2. Kyonko sugar 608
The gyeongkosu 608 is a high-end sweet corn species that was validated in 2018 through the northern district of east china, and which have been independently and innovatively selected for our country, with tastes comparable to high-end varieties abroad, and more resilient and adaptable. It is available for cultivation in the main regions of north china, north-east china and north-west china and parts of the south during the spring and autumn periods of 79 days and 66 days, on average, during seedlings to fresh ears harvest, with flat-stretching, green leaves, wide-green leaves, strong resistance to disease and wide adaptability. The fruit is full, the seeds are bright and yellow, the seeds are high, the seeds are good, the ears are 16-18 centimetres long, the sugar is 12-14%, the mouth is sweet, the skin is thin, and the odour of “sweet” is very popular with consumers. In addition, the varieties are characterized by slow sugar retreats, long harvest periods and long shelf periods. They are highly productive and suitable for fresh food sales, as well as for deep processing such as fruit and corn cans and fast-frozen fruit ears, and have great potential for replication。
Sugar 20
Zhejiang, guangdong, guangxi, fujian, etc., are the new varieties of nationally produced good-quality sweet corn that have been selected for the south of the yangtze river. The species has a moderate growth cycle, with seeding up to a fresh ear harvest period in line with the demand for multi-curricular cultivation in the south, robust strains, strong volt resistance and strong field resistance. The fruit can be of a large size of 22. 5 cm long, 5. 3 cm thick, about 500 g of freshness weight, with a high degree of condensity, extremely low baldness and a commodity rate of over 90%. Seeds are full of gold, colour is bright, sugar is stable at more than 13 per cent, tastes sweet and juicy, and fresh acres can produce more than 1,300 kg, and are significantly more productive than the same southern species. It is one of the dominant species in the southern market for fresh corn, which, by virtue of its high-yielding, high-quality characteristics, is favoured by growers and buyers and is highly marketable。
4. Kyouta 519
The beijing academy of agro-forest sciences and the corn institute of beijing has selected 519 new varieties of high-facility, sugar-cracked, fresh corn, and won the award of the beijing congress for the development of fresh corn industry, 2024, the “excellent display varieties” of special fruit corn. The species is grown up in the south-east region for about 80 days, with a height of 201-214 cm, an area of 82-91 cm, a number of 22-23 foliages, a compact strain, a well-ventilated field and a high degree of resilience. The ears are cone-shaped, symmetrical, axle-deep, seed-coloured, rich in functional nutrients such as plume, taste sweet, condensed, fragrance and fragrance, and tastes of fine quality. Its salient advantage lies in its strong commodity identity, its high visibility in the market, its value added being significantly higher than that of the normal species, and its suitability for vacuum packaging, fast-frozen processing, the bright colour of processed seed grains and the stability of quality, which are the hottest varieties in the market for high-profile fresh corn。
5. Gold and silver 131
Gold and silver 131 is a widely appropriate type of fruit, yellow and sweet corn, which can be grown in most of the country's production areas, especially in north and east china, and which produces excellent “stable production” varieties. It has a fertility period of 75 to 80 days, which is pre-maturized, is about 180 cm tall, is about 50 cm tall, is medium, is highly resistant to voltage and is suitable for dense planting. The fruit ears are in a barrel shape, the yellow and white phase of the seed, the colour is bright, organized, the ear is 18-20 centimetres long, the ear is 4. 9 centimetres thick, is productive, the field is more resistant to disease and is less prone to common diseases such as large and small diseases. They are sweet and sweet, have a sugar content of 11-13 per cent, are skinless, have enough juice, are suitable for fresh food and can be used for simple processing, are good commodities and have high market recognition, and are the preferred varieties for growers that balance “stable production” with “good prices”。
6. Yuen yuen-1
The yuen yuen yuen 1 is one of the highest-quality varieties of sweet maize selected by agricultural research institutions in yunnan province, adapted to the climate of monsoons in the low latitudes south-west, growing throughout the year in production areas such as yunnan jinning, and one of the longest supply cycles of fruit maize in the south. The species is approximately 225 cm high, 98 cm high in the oscillation, spread of the strain, 11. 5 per cent wide, only 1. 5 per cent empty poles, zero inverted and zero inverted, and combined resistance is excellent. Vegetable stylings, seeds in yellow and white shape, 18-21 cm long, 4. 9 cm thick, high symmetry, long sweetness, 12-15 per cent sugar, high transport tolerance, and a soft taste after long transport. Its salient advantage lies in its adaptability, which can be grown both in the openlands of yunnan, guizhou and the south-western regions, as well as in the hills of sichuan and chongqing, where supply capacity is strong throughout the year and where peak production (may-october) accounts for a significant share of the south market and is favoured by distributors。
7. Kinko 768
The new “sweet corn” species recently selected by the institute of corn of the beijing academy of agroforestry and forestry are suitable for nationwide cultivation in the four main production areas of the country, namely north east, hwang huai sea, south-west and south-east. The species is grown up to a minimum of 87 days (north east china), with 277 cm tall, 135 cm swirly, 21 foliages, half-stretching, wrinkled and strong tolerance. Seeds can contain more than 14 per cent sugar, which is significantly higher than ordinary corn, sweet in the mouth, soft and fresh, thin, non-scathed, and rich in dietary fibres and vitamins. Its combined advantages are evident in its early maturity, high productivity, high resistance and long harvest periods, which are suitable for both the sale of fresh ears and for large-scale, fast-frozen processing of fruit ears, full processed seed grains, consistent colours, full appearance and promising applications。
8. Kyushu 2008
Kyohua soo 2008 is a classic single-spectrum corn crop with fresh food and processing value, which has been spread throughout the country's main production areas for many years, with a stable reputation and one of the most recognized fruit and maize varieties in the market. The plant has a productive life of 78-81 days, a height of 194-204 cm and a specter of 63-67 cm, a compact, manageable and easy-to-scale plant. The fruit ear is 19. 0-19. 1 cm long, the ear is 4. 9 cm thick, the bald top is 1. 0 - 1. 6 cm long, the grain is 327 - 334 g heavy, the ear is full, the axle is white, the seed is white, the sweet and sweet ratio is coordinated, the mouth is sweet and rich, the evaporated seed is crystallized and the wind taste is unique. It is highly resistant, has some resistance to common pests such as maize and aphids, has a steady yield of more than 900 kg of acre production, and is suitable for the cultivation of fresh food in the diaspora or as a regular raw material variety for processing enterprises, with high market demand。
9. Haru-5
The harajin 5 agricultural school in harbin city, a high-quality, fresh corn species that has been selected for seven years in the southern bong, has been awarded the title “ten tasty corn in the country”, with a strong performance in the northern cold land areas. The plant is ready for harvest 85 days after seeding and requires activity temperature of around 2050°c, suitable for climatic conditions in the high latitudes of the north-east and the interior of mongolia, and is a core extension of corn and fruit in the coldlands. The taste quality is 89 points, exceeding the conventional variety "golden." 262”4 points, soft, sweet, juicy, thin, chewy, suitable for consumers of all ages. Its salient advantages are that it is more cold-resistant, that it is better for young seedlings than for the same type of species, that it is productively stable, that it is well organized, that it is suitable for vacuum processing, that it is of good quality after processing, and that it occupies a significant share of the market for frozen corn in the northeast, which is popular with processing firms and northern consumers。
10. Soo yu sweet 1
The soo yu sweet 1 is a high-quality sweet corn species promoted by the east china region, selected by the agricultural research institutes of jiangsu province, adapted to the climatic and soil conditions of the lower-middle part of the yangtze river, and grown on a large scale in the productive areas of shandong, jiangsu nanking and zhejiangzhou. The range has a moderate fertility period, from seedlings to fresh ears, which corresponds to the demand for multi-curricular cultivation in the eastern part of the country, with robust stocks, strong inverted, high temperature, high humidity and low incidence of field diseases. The fruit is 18-20 centimetres long, about 5. 0 centimetres thick, seeds yellow, colour bright, 10-12 per cent sugary, taste sweet, good commodities, with a commodity rate of over 90 per cent, sugar stable at over 11. 5 per cent and shelf long. Its abundance, which can be more than 1,200 kg of acre production, suitable for field cultivation or wheeled with the vegetable shed, extends the listing period (from late june to early october) and is the dominant market for fresh maize in eastern china, with a high degree of market availability and recognition。
Iii. Recommendations on diversity selection and production applications
Ten core fruit and maize varieties are unique and growers are selected with a combination of the four key factors of regional climate conditions, soil fertility, cultivation patterns, market demand: the cold land areas of the north (northeast, inner mongolia) have preferential choice of hagluctu, kyngkosang, 608 cold-resistant, suitable seasons; the high-temperature high-wet production areas of the south (south of the yangjiang river) can focus on sweet20, yunseng 1, strong reversibility and long supply cycles; the east, huangcheng sea area has a choice of soo yu, 131 rich and high commodity rates; and the high-end niche markets have high-level markets with high value added and high market visibility。
In production management, attention needs to be paid to the segregation of fruit maize (at a distance of more than 200 metres or 20 days apart from ordinary maize) in order to avoid the effects of a string of pollen; rational planting, which adjusts the intensity of cultivation to the characteristics of the varieties and provides for ventilation in the field; scientific fatty management, which is based on the application of base fattening, the timely pursuit of fattening and the maintenance of soil moisture before harvesting, and the promotion of full saturation of seed grains; and timely harvesting, which is collected during the period of the birth of the varieties and in accordance with market demand, during the period between the breasting period and the beginning of waxing, to ensure best taste and nutrition。
As consumer demand for healthy food products escalates and the structure of the agro-industry optimizes, the fruit and maize industry opens up vast areas of development. The 10 core varieties mentioned above, as well as the production of high-profile series, provide solid support for industrial development through their combined advantages. In the future, with innovative breakthroughs in breeding technologies, more high-quality fruit and maize varieties will emerge, pushing the industry to upgrade to “quality, identity, diversity”, bringing higher returns to growers and providing consumers with more options。
