Hello, i'm the star watcher on the gobi, who brings you up to date every day
Potatoes are popular crops, both in rural areas and in small gardens. Both staple foods and cooking, long storage times and low planting thresholds. Many people grow potatoes with a variety of challenges: mixed seedlings, large saplings and small subsurface chips; small amounts of potatoes, with a particularly large number of deformed potatoes and crack potatoes; and easily rotten potatoes, with a very low yield at harvest。
Many people think that they grow potatoes, just bury them in the ground and water them for long. In fact, it is not luck that the potatoes want to be high, and each step that is not managed directly affects the final output. A number of old farmers, who had grown up in the field for more than a decade, had come to the fore with seven practical methods, known in circles as the “killer” of high potatoes. These techniques, which have no fundamental bias, are all ground management techniques, ranging from the processing of potatoes, the planting of seeds in the field to the cultivation of land, the management of water fertilizers, and the prevention of pests and diseases。
Many web-based content focuses on a single fertilizer or a little trick that ignores the entire management process. The increase in potato production has never been achieved by a single trick. Today, these seven hands-on methods will be completely dismantled and will be used as a reference in the open fields and in the home gardens, with a clear description of the common pedestals, avoiding the fault zone, making as many potatoes as possible and reducing the number of malformations。
First, the killer is one: a finely processed seed of potatoes
The basis for the production of potatoes has been decided since before it went down. Many of the saving growers who cut down the entire potato block that they had bought and did nothing to deal with it, and it was difficult to make up for the disadvantages of the previous period when it was later, when it was too late, when it was too small, when it was too small. The processing of the potato is divided into the selection of potatoes, slices, troughs, and sterilisation of wounds, each of which cannot be omitted。
First, you have to be very careful with the seeding of potatoes. Don't buy the market for potatoes. Commodity potatoes are mostly sprung, with poor seedlings and high probability of carrying disease. As far as possible, select a special desiccated potato. When selected, the chips are removed from decay, frostbite, black spots in the skin, and heavy worm eyes. Priority is given to medium-sized, smooth-skinned, lumber-eyed chips. Too big a seed is costly, too small a seed is poorly nourished, and the seedlings are weak。
Second, the science slice. The core of the slice is on each piece of chips, which must be kept with at least one or two robust eyes. Don't just cut. Swords are sharp, pre-cut with water or alcohol to disinfect and prevent cross-transmission. Large chips can be cut into blocks, with a single mass of about 25-30 grams. When cut, if it reaches the sick, decaying chips, the bad potatoes are thrown away and the knives are resterilized before they continue to be cut to avoid other healthy chips。
Third, spread the wound. Do not sow immediately after cutting. The chips are fresh and fresh, and they are easily contaminated with bacteria in the ground. The cut-off chips stand is in a cooler position, tanned for 1 to 2 days, until the cut has formed a dry wooden embolism, the wound is condensed and the next operation takes place. It can't be tanned in the sun, which can dry up the chips and damage the buds。
Fourth, a quick seed. Pre-plant seeding is the key to achieving the seedlings. A layer of sand or grass is laid at an indoor shelter at 15°20°c. And when it's half a centimetre long, it's a blue green bud. To reject the long white sprouts, the sprouts are protruding and the seedlings grow weak after seeding. There are no conditions for sprouts, and at least the sun is to be sown and placed in dispersing areas。
Many neglect the processing of potatoes, which is followed by a series of days of seeding, with small and small seedlings, an imbalanced population and a natural failure to produce. It's the first level of high yield to grow and grow and grow。
Ii. Killer ii: land selection, soil bottoms, and less rotten potatoes
Potatoes are very picky about the soil environment. Poor soil conditions make it difficult to grow a full-headed potato block even if fertilizer is enough. Potatoes are the best for the looser sandy soil. Sticky slabs of dirt, poorly drained water, and the chips are prone to deformities, cracks and rotten potatoes。
First, the plot selection. Try not to replant. In the past year, plots such as potatoes, tomatoes and peppers had been planted, and it was not recommended to continue growing potatoes. There is a high accumulation of bacteria within hard-earthed soils, a high incidence of endemic diseases, and consumption of parts of the soil, with a high risk of long and ill conditions. Priority is given to plots of crops such as maize, soybeans and cabbage. Land parcels are higher in size, well-drained, low-lying plots that accumulate water are avoided as much as possible and water is the greatest incentive for bad potatoes。
Second, deep till. The planting must be preceded by deep tillage with a depth of 25-30 cm. Deep tillage can break the slabs, increase soil aerobicity and facilitate the expansion of potatoes. If the cultivated land is too shallow, the underground space is restricted, the chips are squeezed and large amounts of them are deformed. Cultivated land also cleans up rock and grass, which crushes the chips, resulting in the pits of potatoes on the surface。
Thirdly, the bottom fertilizer is re-enacted by decomposed farmers. Potatoes are a fertile crop, and bottom fertilizer is the basis for production. Priority is given to the use of fully decomposed farm fat, which improves soil laxity and creates an environment for tuber expansion. Remember not to go down there without decomposition. The manure warms in the soil twice, burnings the roots of the potato and brings them into the eggs, the ground infestations and the potatoes are full of worm eyes. Fertilizers are combined, and bottom-weighted composites are the main ones, adjusted to the size of the floor. Fertilizers are to be evenly ploughed into the earth floor, and are not to be concentrated in the sown ditch to avoid the burning of the roots。
This whole point is not visible and actually directly determines the shape of the late chips. Many people have grown potatoes that are crooked and twisted, largely because of soil slabs, lots of stones and no space to expand underground。
Iii. Killer three: determine the density and depth of the seed control and the amount and head of the potato
The depth of seeding and the density of seedlings are key points that can easily be ignored. The seeds are too shallow and later easily green; they are too deep to sow soil; they are too dense, they are crowded and they are generally small; they are too thin, the land is underutilized and the total yield is not available。
Let's start with the seed depth. As a rule, sowing depths 10 to 12 cm. The soil is arid and can be duly deepened; it is very wet and adhesive, and it is sown slightly. If the potatoes are buried too shallowly, as seedlings grow, the chips are easily arched out of the soil surface, tanned by the sun, the potato skin turns green, produces ronino and loses the value of merchandise consumption。
Then it's planting density. The density is not uniform and depends on the variety. The range of pre-maturity is reasonably small, and the medium- and late-dependency crop is growing in large and large distances. General in daejeon, 60 to 70 centimetres and 25 to 35 centimetres. Family gardens are not designed in many different ways, but they have lots of potatoes in them. One pit contains only one piece of processed seed. There was a lot of them, and they competed with each other for radiance, and eventually all of them grew little potatoes。
When seeding, the buds rise up. When the potatoes are planted, the soil is covered, so do not push the soil, so light it is covered and the soil sheet is so compact that it prevents seedlings。
The seeding must be accompanied by drains. Post-rainfall water is fatal to potatoes, sowing a pickle, planting potatoes on stage and draining ditches. After rain, the water flows along the ditch, avoiding the sourness of the potato. Cultivation is a key means of increasing the production of potatoes, which is lax, air-transmitting and large-scaled, and which facilitates later earth production. Cultivated on a flat and naked basis, production is generally not as high as cultivation。
Four: killer four: part-time clay. It's a potato core. A lot of people are late
In the whole range of potato management, the ground is recognized as the key to high productivity, the core killer in the old farm. A lot of people only know how to fatten, but they ignore it. Potato chips, they grow in the ground, not the roots. Roasts need to be inside the dark pine layer to grow into potatoes. If the penis comes out of the ground, the potato stops after light has been seen, and it grows directly into a branch and consumes nutrients in white。
The two core purposes of the soil are, first, to bury the mantle in the soil, which leads to an increase in the growth of the masts, secondly, to avoid the tan of the chips from the ground, and thirdly, to improve soil laxity and contribute to the expansion of the truncheon, while reducing its subsequent fall。
There is no one-time training. The one-time field is so thick that it can easily crush the seedlings and affect plant growth。
The first pedestal: after chai-mei, the seedlings grew to a height of 10 to 15 centimetres and carried out the first pedigree. Bring a small amount of the earth in the gutter towards the roots of the plant, and not the leaves of the seedlings. This time, the primary focus was on protecting the seedling base and promoting the growth of the underground stalk。
Second pedestal: the current stage of planting plants, which is about to bloom, is the most important one. This phase began with the formation of a large number of subterranean runners, requiring a thicker topography. Increased soil thickness and taller towers, leaving enough space for subsequent potato expansion. This time, it's ground quality, and it's a lot to determine the share of potatoes。
When flowers are blooming, try not to do anything like that. Potatoes have begun to be produced in the ground after the flowering, and the later stage of the earth tends to cut down the already formed truncheons, causing injuries, causing disease, and cutting off the truncheons and causing a reduction in production。
Family gardens, with no hoes, can also be covered with shovels and rakes, in turn. Many growers produce soil only once a year and have time to drag it to flower, miss the optimal window period and naturally miss the amount of potatoes。
V. Kill v: fatty management of water, prevention of the growth of scabs and the expansion of subterranean chips
There is a common phenomenon of potatoes: the growing leaves on the ground, the amount of green oil, and the small amount of potatoes under the ground, which is typical of the nutritional disorders on the ground and above. Nitrous fattening is higher, the plants are long, the nutrients are fully supplied and the nutrients that flow to the subterranean tubers are less. Core logic of water fertilizer management: pre-supplied, medium-term run-off, post-potato。
Shrimp phase. The seedlings need long leaves to build a luminous system before they reach the drop. Soils are not extremely fertile plots and do not need to be followed up in large quantities during the seeding period. If the seedlings are small and thin, a small amount of fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer can be traced, but the excess of nitrogen fertilizer is discouraged. The water is wet and dry, and no water is pouring。
The flowering period is a turning point in the transition of potatoes from long to high potatoes. It is important to reduce nitrogen fertilizer inputs during this period, with emphasis on the replenishment of potassium fertilizer. Potassium fat is directly involved in the expansion of the tubers, with small amounts of potassium potatoes and poor quality. This stage can't be heavy. If the rain is heavy, the nitrogen is strong, the scavengers are large, the ground is too high to be controlled。
Control must take the time, before the plant is sealed. Family gardens give priority to physical control, such as water control and improved ventilation, as far as possible, while in daejeon the use of controlled medicine is used only when the hysteria is of such gravity. It is important to note that high-prevalence, high-prevalence requirements, premature inhibition of normal plant growth, late closure and poor results, and that family cultivation does not recommend the random use of hormone control。
The peak in demand for water was reached during the mashed season. Soils should be wet and stable. The soil is dry and damp, which is an important incentive for potato cracks. During a period of severe drought, the water was suddenly poured, the tubers rapidly inflated, the outer skin grew faster than the interior, and it split directly. However, water cannot be accumulated, which can cause the tuber to lack oxygen and make the potatoes very perishable. By the end of the period when the potato grows, the leaf starts to grow yellow and old, water will have to be gradually reduced and stopped 7-10 days before harvest to facilitate later harvest storage。
Many people grow potatoes to peddle pits: urea with a taste, vasectomy with a long, untaught potato. Remember that in the middle and later stages of potatoes, potassium fat is the main event, and nitrogen fat is the aid。
Killer six: focus on two major types of pests and pests
Potato pests fall into the following categories: osteoporosis on the ground and insects on the ground. Spectrum disease destroys spores, light co-operation drops sharply, no nutrients are sent underground, potatoes are small; underground pests eat. Chewing chips, potato eyes everywhere, and the value of the goods is simply lost。
Common diseases on the ground: night disease, early disease. Night disease poses a great threat to potatoes, with low temperatures and high humidity, and successive rainy weather conditions highly prone to outbreaks. The leaves have brown spots, which spread rapidly and in severe cases die of the dead. Prevention is greater than treatment, and additional inspections are carried out after the heavy humidity of the rain. Early leaves were found to be removed from the plot in time. Daejeon can use a registered potato fungicide; family gardens give priority to draining and rationally planting, ensuring ventilation, reducing field humidity and reducing conditions for disease outbreaks。
Underground pests, mainly tigers. The larvae eat the potatoes in the soil, and the potatoes are growing, resulting in holes and rotten potatoes. Underground pests are prevented before seeding. Unfertilized farm fats are not applied, and manure can easily induce underground pests to lay eggs. Land parcels were severely infested the previous year and could be sowed for soil treatment. Daily cleaning of weeds in the fields and reduction of pest habitat。
There are also viral diseases, many of which are carried with potatoes, which are shown to be condensed and curled with leaves, and which have no special drugs, and the most effective method is to opt for detoxification. In the event of a serious strain of viral disease in the field, it is removed and cleared directly。
Insects and pests should not wait for large-scale outbreaks, until the leaves have died in large areas, and if they are followed by medicine, the loss of production has already occurred. Inspections are regularized and early detection and disposal。
Vii. Killer7: take the time to harvest, not to dig early, not to delay, and to guarantee production and sustainability
Many people have managed to do their jobs in the first place, and the timing of the final harvest has been wrong, and they will suffer equally. The potatoes are not fully mature, they are still growing, dry matter accumulates, their heads are small and their yields are reduced, and they are thin, and they are easily decomposed when stored. The harvest was too late, the autumn frost was encountered, and potatoes were prone to freezing and rotten potatoes in the soil。
How do you figure the potatoes are ripe? The fact that most of the earth's scabs are turned green and start to die indicates that the subsurface chips are almost mature. The skin of the chips has been emboldened, hand-painted with potatoes, and the skin is difficult to rub off, which is the best harvest time。
In the event of a series of rainfalls and a high degree of soil moisture, appropriate early harvests can be made to avoid the decay of potatoes buried in wet soil. The harvest is to be as clear as possible, with the potatoes that are torn open for a short period of time to dry the surface. Beware that the sun should not be tanned for long periods of time, and that the tanned potatoes are prone to sunburn and storage is vulnerable。
Following the harvest, broken, insect-bited and disease-stained potatoes are removed and stored separately. The perfect potato is stored in a cold and radiant place, and the light notes make the potato green。
Viii. Potato growing a high-frequency error count, many of them year-on-year. The pit
Zone one: eat potatoes for seed. Potatoes are mostly sprouted, poorly grown and at high risk of disease, with priority given to seeding。
Mistake two: farmer fattening directly down. Undefared manure burns roots and induces underground pests that must be fully decomposed。
Wrong zone three: only nitrogen fertilizer is applied, and potassium fertilizer is ignored. Nitrous fattening, potassium fattening potatoes, and late-stage potassium light nitrogen。
Zone four: peasant is done only once and too late. The second place in the current period is a top priority, and it is difficult to repair it after it has been missed。
Zone five: the water is pouring and the dry and wet changes are dramatic. Potato cracks and rotten potatoes are readily available and water is used to keep the soil stable and wet。
Zone six: the seeding is too shallow, it does not produce soil at a later stage and a large number of potatoes are tanned and of no use value。
Zone seven: high production when you see the sphinx growing up. It's not like the ground is so big that it's so big that it doesn't grow。
Zone eight: the harvest is premature, the morning market is pursued, dry matter is not accumulated enough, potatoes are not on their heads and they cannot afford to be stored。
Ix. An objective view of planting techniques. Production
The seven methods above are practical experiences accumulated over the years by first-line growers, known as high-yield killers, but not a magical one. Without a single step, the immediate harvest of other management can be ignored。
The seeding of potatoes is the basis for the environmental protection of the whole area, the density of the seeding, the sub-graining of potatoes, the well-balanced and well-coordinated development of the ground, the preservation of the plant and the protection of the pests and diseases, and the harvesting of the final harvest in due course. These seven steps are round and round. When a link is short, production is limited。
It is also important to recognize that if extreme weather events, such as prolonged rains and severe droughts, are managed in full, production is also affected by weather. Agricultural cultivation is itself subject to climatic conditions. We have learned these techniques in order to optimize the controlled parts and minimize unnecessary reductions。
Family gardens are grown without having to pursue the same production standards as daejeon, so that the core points can be implemented, and so can a full potato harvest。
Topical discussion
Have you ever grown potatoes? Have you ever had problems with spores growing but small potatoes and potato cracks? You've got your own little hands-on experience in the field, and you're welcome to share your comments. Land-based gardens that like to grow dry goods can be of interest to the ongoing sharing of knowledge on the management of all types of crops。
