With its strong soil tolerance and its own aroma, it avoids most diseases and pests, and its high economic, medicinal and ecological value, it is suitable for large-scale cultivation in the tropics and subtropical areas, and the forestry sector at all levels should contribute to socio-economic development by vigorously developing and promoting its techniques. A brief description of the technical elements of the planting of sunken fragrances, starting with their classification and characteristics, and a summary of the technical elements of artificial fragrance methods and harvesting and processing for information purposes。
1 classification and characteristics of sunken fragrances
At present, sunken wood is divided into eight main categories, including white wood, american sunken incense, malay sunken incense, chinan sunken incense and horse-thinking sunken fragrances. The white wood is also called earthy and is the second-level protected tree species of our country, with a wide natural distribution in our country, with the highest quality of white wood in taiwan and hainan, as well as in yunnan, guangxi, taiwan, fujian, guangdong and hainan provinces. Chinan shengxiang, also known as chanan shengxiang, garang shengxiang, is found in various countries in south-east asia, with high production of chinan shengxiang in countries such as viet nam, myanmar, malaysia, thailand, laos and indonesia, especially in the province of hokain in viet nam. With a certain growth advantage compared to white oak, the chinan sanctuaries are growing faster, long-lived and more resistant to disease and pests, and our country is promoting the cultivation of chinan sanctuaries。
As a permanent green wood, it can be as high as 30 m and lasts from march to april of each year, with an outcome of may to june. The soil adaptive and thin-resistant capacity of sunken wood is strong, and it can grow healthy in sandy soils, red and mountain yellow, and in areas where the soil is more fertile and organic, it tends to grow relatively quickly and it can grow slowly in areas where the soil is too shallow and less fertile。
2 elements of techniques for the cultivation of sunken gum
2. 1 choice of suitable planting sites
The demand for warmth is high in the case of sunken wood, and in the selection of planting sites, the average annual temperature is above 20°c without severe and visible frost. Large-scale cultivation of saffron should be based on the selection of southern hills or mountainous areas with less than 500 fertile soils, preferably with a slope of less than 25° for saber wood cultivation, using as a criterion the contours to dig up a planting level of about 60 cm wide. In addition, less productive orchards and wooded land can be planted in sunken wood, even in front of the house and on the side of rural roads alone, often with better growth than on a large scale。
2. 2 winter reclamation, spring planting
Cultivation is best prepared for the winter of the previous year, including reclamation, ground-cleaning and cave-opening, ensuring a 2 m wide, 3m long range, with an appropriate relaxation of about 2. 5 m wide and 3 m long in particularly fertile areas. The opening depth of the sanctuaries is generally around 40 cm, with the application of 10-15 kg of manure to mature farmers and 300-500 g of calcium perphosphate in the dens, which should be grown with a smoothing of the silt tree tree, the combing of its roots, the tiered return to the soil, the guarantee of sufficient water to settle the roots, the return to the ground after planting should be higher than the ground, and the application of straw mats or straws to keep the ground wet, depending on the temperature at the place of cultivation。
2. 3 care management
Cumber is grown with a high rate of activity and low demand for rearing, and in the pine fields of february-march, june-august and october-november of each year, the pine soil can be combined with weeding and fertilization of the smoulder trees two or three times a year. In the early stages of the saloon tree, excessive exposure to the sun should be prevented, soybeans, such as red beans or green beans, can be planted between saloons, shades for saloon seedlings should be provided, and in practice care should be taken to control the height and density of shaded plants, avoiding excessive soybeans and seedlings. In the fall of the first year, light repairs should be made to sunken symbiotic trees to cut the side branches and disease branches on the head of the sympathizing symbiotic tree, which can be properly cut from the weaker branches and overtly branches, with due regard to the principle of proportionality, and overcuting to the detriment of the growth of symbiotic scavengers. After the first year, each fall and winter season should be marked by the cutting of the sanctuaries, which can be done twice, i. E. By cutting the side branches for the first time by a second half, and then by putting on the trunks for the second time, in a way that helps maintain the green area of the silhouettes, makes the silhouette tree dry and makes the silhouette fragrance easier。
2. 4 combating pests and diseases
The main pests of qinan are fewer pests, the main species of white wood fragrances are leafy, oxen and gold turtles, which can spray 25 per cent of vermin and 80 per cent of diarrhea 800 - 1,000 times the dose during the incubation phase of the insect, and oxen pests that can inject 80 per cent of diarrhea 800 - 100 incendiary fluids with syringes in the infested fragrance of woodworms; and oxen pests that need to be sprayed with 50 per cent of their fragrance concentrate 800 - 100 gills, or may choose the method of artificial capture to prevent the influence of the gold turtles on sunken wood。
3 artificial fragrance method
In case of trauma or bacterial infections, the sunken fragrance of resins, which are the main economic products of the sunken fragrance, is transmitted mainly by cutting, semi-termination, piercing, artificial ingestion and chemical cutting。
3. 1 cutting
Several knives were cut in the fragrance trunk at a distance of 1. 5 to 2 m from the ground, with a distance of 30 to 40 cm and a depth of 3 to 4 cm. After a period of time after the cut, the sunken fragrance is distributed in the vicinity of the wound with a large amount of resin, which, after several years, is presented in black and brown, at which point the incense can be taken from the trunk wound, and then the fragrance continues。
3. 2 semi-term pole method
The method involves a number of wounds sawed on the trunk, which is located at a distance of 1 to 2 m from the ground, typically at a depth of 1/3 to 1/2 from the tree, with a distance of 30 to 40 cm and a width of approximately 1 cm, similar to that of cutting, which can be sustained for several years。
3. 3 hole drilling
Several square holes have been drilled from the ground at a distance of 1-3 m in the trunk of the hull tree, with a depth of 2-3 cm and a width of 3-4 cm, or a round hole of 1-3 cm in diameter, with a depth of 3-6 cm, after which the hole has been drilled, where the mudslides have been closed, where they can be taken for several years, and where the hole continues to convulse。
3. 4 artificial microbacteria
A 5 to 6-year-old condensed fragrance can only be condensed by artificial enzymes, and larger fragrances over 10 years are better. In general, large trees can open wounds using a semi-breeding system, open doors every 40-50 cm from top to bottom of the dry wind, with a depth of approximately one third of the wound to the dry, and then plant the cyanobacteria into the cranium door, which can be covered with a membranes for the protection of the fungus and insects from the effect of the aroma。
3. 5 chemical law
Accelerates, sulphuric acid and ethylene acid are used to irritate sanciding wounds, to promote large amounts of fragrances, and to treat them with drugs that can be collected on a continuous basis。
4 harvesting and processing of fragrance
It can be fertilized over three to five years of age, and even small trees of one or two years of age can be fertilized. Once the scavenging leaves are less smouldering, the outer form is reduced to zero, yellow leaves and local depravity, when the scavenging wood enters the fragrance phase, it can be fertilized according to the specifics of the scavenger. The longer it lasts, the higher the production and quality of it, the greater the economic value. When the fragrance is black or tan, the fragrance can be dug with the trunk and the fragrance removed from the fragrance with the corresponding knife. In addition, the remaining fragrances can be sold after drying, and the scraps in the process can be processed into sunken fragrances and powder and have some economic value。
5 concluding remarks
As a precious spice, which is of high economic and medicinal value, and which is deeper in its roots and can serve as the best economic tree for soil and water conservation, the cultivation of sunken wood should be vigorously promoted and the process of industrialization of sunken wood cultivation should be promoted, thereby enhancing the sustainable development of the forestry industry。
