UtilizationBulk cultivationGrapes have high economic benefits, as they are marketed one or two months earlier than ordinary grapes, effectively compensate for the light season market for fruit, which is more than three times more expensive than the open ground, and they become a new form of intensive cultivation. With one year of cultivation, the second year will yield economic benefits, which are significant and highly competitive in the market。
The main purpose of a large shed for the cultivation of grapes is to promote early ripening and pre-occupation of markets. Therefore, the following two points should be followed in the selection of grape varieties in the large sheds: (i) those that are usually pre-cooked or very pre-cooked than the normal grapes, and (ii) those that are large in particles, close in their ears, better in colour and unique in their flavour; and (ii) those that are highly adaptable and resistant to disease, such as the black pearl-free eastern, kyonya, kyonsu, the rosy roses, the vines and the american reds。
2 house construction
Gravity sheds should be selected in areas that are easy to irrigate, such as flat terrain, sun and soil fertility. Gravity sheds are currently dominated by plastic huts, which have the advantages of being less costly, more efficient, simple to build and less susceptible to terrain than greenhouse grapes. The plastic shed skeleton is usually made of steel bars or wooden poles and is then covered with plastic film. Although the plastic shed is currently in a variety of forms, it is generally dominated by steel and bamboo shelves. The sheds of steel-structured skeletons are used for long periods of time, but at high cost; the sheds of bamboo-structured skeletons, although low-cost inputs, are less carrying. There is still much use of easily accessible and low-cost masonry. The plastic sheds are exposed to sunlight all day and are warmer, but there are also the disadvantages of heat dispersion and poor temperature protection。
3. Premature high productionPlantation techniques
During the first year of growing grape trees in the shed, plastic sheeting was not required, and only branch-drying was done in accordance with the growth of the tree, and pest control was enhancedFertilizer managementI don't know. In the second year of the year, during which grapes are grown, appropriate technical guidance is required。
3. 1 momentum management
Grapes in the shed choose to cover thin membranes between spring and rain, avoiding as much as possible rain and snow. The precipitous period of grapes is usually 30 d for a period of 2 to 3 months, and the focus of this phase is to ensure that temperatures are incubated, that temperatures in the shed are 5 to 10 °c above the temperature outside the shed, that drip irrigation is carried out every 6 d per day for a duration of 1 d, and that the timing of drip irrigation can be adjusted by looking at soil moisture, and that the 15th day after the lid is sprayed with a thiomer alloy, at a rate of 1:30. In addition, heavy weather shed repairs and rainwater cleaning were performed。
3. 2 premature management
After a 30-d precipitous period, the cauldron grapes began to germinate at 40-d. Grapes sprouts normally, dripping every five s for 1 d. The main elements of this phase will be the preparation of sprouts, combs and strangulations. In doing so, the principles of “staying late, leaving thin, leaving empty and leaving behind” are observed. Erasing should be carried out in a timely manner to reduce unnecessary nutritional consumption, usually removed from the base 50 cm. For one chicken of less than three, or one or two sprouts of the base that need to be renewed. The combing sprout is the retention of only one strong sprouts in each bud. The strangulation is the strangulation. After the grape sprouts of 7 d, three leaf-to-leaf fertilizers are sprayed at 15 d intervals. The temperature in the budding shed should be maintained at 10-20°c and 5-15°c at night; during the flowering phase, 15-25°c during the day, not more than 28°c and 16-18°c at night. If the temperature is above 25 °c during the day, the temperature should be cooled in time to ensure that it is within standard requirements. The onset of budding can be shortened by increasing temperatures, but this can result in long and small-scale production, with significant effects. If the flowering period is too high, it is prone to severe fallout conditions. It is desirable to control the humidity of 85 per cent of the shed in the bud. When the surface temperature is above 20°c, the thin film on the edge of the shed can be removed。
3. 3 vegetable management
In late april, grapes entered the fruit-pee phase, which required sufficient moisture to grow them, so dripping every two d. After the fruit sits, double fertilizer is applied every seven d. In addition, in order to promote berries colouring and the maturity of the chickens, calcium nitrate fertilizer will need to be sprayed on the leaves two times to ensure sugar content and hardness of the fruit and increase resistance。
3. 4 mature management
Early in june, grapes reached maturity, during which they were not too fat to see the dry and wet soil for drip irrigation. Accumulation of nutrients and sugar can often be facilitated by increasing the temperature differentials of day and night. The temperature remained at 28-30°c during the day and at 15-16°c at night, even lower。
3. 5 harvest management
In mid-july, grapes entered the harvest period, during which they could be sprayed again with composite fertilizers and insecticides. Insecticides usually select low-toxic, non-residual pesticides such as avil, cypermethrin, etc. In addition, in order to prevent the emergence of frosts, polybice can be sprayed. In addition, protection against drainage should be done during the run-off period。
