Recently, the cotton machine was inXinjiangCotton is collected in cotton fields in the town of the sea building in shaya district. Xinhua
The recent harvest in xinjiang。
“ten years ago, it was hard and inefficient to hit the top and collect the fees. Ten years later, chemical caps, mechanical harvest savings, harvesters, 5 to 10 kilograms of cotton per acre, and 400 to 600 miles!” the cotton farmer lee haejie river of the xinjiang army farm spoke of the 10 years of change and was deeply moved。
For 10 years, professor li chao, at the agricultural university of china, led a team that was working on difficult issues such as the time spent on manual work, unstable defoliation effects, over-frequency input of fat water, and traveled the mountains to find the “gold key” for the mechanized harvest of cotton。
Addressing the challenge of mechanized cotton harvesting
As a “chinese cotton heart”, the quality cotton produced in xinjiang is the “white gold” in the cotton farmer's heart。
As early as 2012, the claims of cotton farmers, such as those of the li cai tiger team, who went to xinjiang production construction corps, the sixth division and the eighth division, when they visited cotton production, were surrounded by claims of “pumps that are not conducive to mechanical harvesting” and “high impurities”。
“at that time, xinjiang had about 37 million acres of cotton, with no mature chemical capping techniques, and cotton was all manual, with one worker hitting at most three acres a day.” han hwang yong, a researcher at the xinjiang academy of agricultural reclamation, said that cotton farmers had ended their fights in early july, and that they continued to do so after daytime and night work。
How to find the “gold key” for mechanized cotton harvesting? Reactions have been made to li's long-standing research on high-yield control techniques for crop resistance。
After many years of exploration, he led the team to find a completely new approach to efficiency: to reveal molecular mechanisms for the management of cotton at different stages of fertility and for the growth of tops, to develop high-efficiency stock control and capping products, and to create precision-regulated machine cotton-capping and chemical capping techniques。
"in the general sense, what kind and height a harvest machine needs, we'll tailor it to what kind and height." li said。
The team member and scientist from the national system of technology for cotton industries, prof. Hiri ta, further developed the machine-based quantification plastic and ceiling technology, which is based on the precision and precision of the quest period. The technology has been replicated in xinjiang for more than 10 years and has been effective。
Combining the defoliants with the defoliants
Leaf decomposition is the key to mechanical harvesting。
Beginning in the 1990s, the third division of the xinjiang corps of production and construction was first introduced and promoted throughout the country. At that time, two chemical agents, alkaline defoliants and acidy accelerants, ethylene, were performed for defoliation, which were proportionally “current mix” in the field, not only because of inconvenient use, but also because the proportion of the agent was easily mistaken。
To that end, li chao led the team in “through brainstorm”. They use phenols and ethylene granulates to solve the problem of the non-coexistence of the acid alkali composition in liquids using microspace shielding techniques. They have developed a new defoliating precipient based on optimal matching, which can be used by diluting directly to water, and achieve single products that can be defoliated and precipitated。
Today, cotton defoliation and vomiting rates can reach more than 95 per cent after 15-20 days of administration, a figure that meets the mechanical requirements, resulting in a 3 to 5 percentage point increase in net extraction rates and a 5 percentage point reduction in impurity rates。
In 2016, the technology began to be tested on a multi-year basis in over 400 environments in xinjiang and the mainland cotton region, with a cumulative area of over 40 million acres. On the basis of this technology, in 2021 the li tigers team was awarded the first prize for scientific and technological progress of the military regiment for "mechanized cultivation of critical chemical regulatory technological innovations and applications " 。
"it's a good technology that saves labour, saves costs, works easily, works well!" lu chun, head of the pazhou line county farm, which manages more than 20,000 acres。
Achieving efficient integration of agro-, agro-, agro- and machine
Over the past 10 years, the team led by li has evolved into a culture technology that integrates key techniques such as cotton-capturing, defoliation and planting measures such as planting seasons, density and water fertilizers, in order to build a system of cultivation techniques suitable for the full mechanization of major cotton areas。
In addition to this, they have used single grains in new intelligent agriculture for the integration of systems, such as simple and shallow broadcasting, plant-laying models, precise water fertilization drip irrigation, system strain regulation, precision application of drones, etc., gradually addressing the persistent problem of “overloading of fat water” and achieving a “big leap” in the efficient integration of farming, farming and agricultural machines。
In recent years, the team has developed a large number of technical “tech secondaryists” in cotton. Over 50 training courses were held at all levels, over 60,000 agricultural technicians and farmers were trained, and a large number of cotton technicians were trained in xinjiang, upgrading the region's cotton technology。
A total of 21 inventions are currently patented, 3 new pesticides are registered and 5 agricultural masters are selected. Over the past three years, a cumulative increase of 5. 6 million acres has been achieved in the main cotton-producing areas, with an additional benefit of 17. 36 billion yuan。
“thanks to the new technology brought by mr. Lee, we grow cotton with increasing ease and confidence!” said cotton farmers。
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