Rohango-polymeric productionTechnical protocols
Technical protocol for the production of rohango-polymers
Fund projects: national natural science fund project (8180678); financed by guangxi natural science fund project (2017 gxnsfaa198232)。
Nine xiaohua, etc
Rohango siraitia grosvenorii (swingle) c. Jeffrey ex a. M. Lu et z. Y. Zhang, alias zhuang, wildwood, alias thradianthagrosvenorii, momordicagogrosvenorii, male and female, is a herbs climbing herbs. The same source of the rohango medicine is the country's uniquely precious medicinal and sweetener plant, and the famous guangxi tunnel medicine. Rohango, the most common chinese medicine in the country, has a long history of application and has been documented for generations, mainly in dry fruit, cold, odour, pulmonary, intestine, pneumatic, acoustic, acoustic and smooth intestines。
Long-term chicken breeding has led to a serious case of rohango virus disease, while grouping of seedlings has the advantage of non-virus, anti-reversible, and increasing yields, but they are expensive (4-8 yuan) and have high production costs when growing on a large scale, while using grouping of seedlings as a mother's plant, which can have a win-win effect after planting. With a view to further improving the quality of plant seedlings in rohango, the author has developed, on a pilot basis, a technical protocol to regulate the production of plant seedlings in rohango, based on an in-depth study of the production area and a review of the literature, using the guide to the implementation of the gap。
1 scope
This protocol regulates the selection of species for the production of rohan fruit seedlings, the selection of nurseries, the laying of sheds, the breeding of mother plants, the planting of seedlings, the delivery of nurseries, the fittings, the transport of archives. This protocol applies to the production of rohan fruit seedlings in guangxi。
2 normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. References to date notes only apply in the version of the date indicated. The latest version (including all amendments) of an undated reference document applies to this document. These documents include: ny / t 391 environmental quality of green food productions, db 45 / t 532 environmental conditions for environmentally soundly hazardous pested substances, gb 3095 environmental air quality standards, gb 15618 environmental quality control standards for soil pollution in agricultural land, gb 5084 environmental quality control standards for irrigation of agricultural land, ny / t 394 guidelines for the use of green food fertilizers, ny / t 496 guidelines for the reasonable use of fertilizers, gb / t 8321 (all parts) guidelines for the reasonable use of pesticides, ny / t 393 guidelines for the use of green food pesticides, ly/ t 1000 packaging plants technologies, and gb 15569 agricultural quarantine regulations。
3. Species selection
C. Jeffrey ex a. M. Lu et z. Y. Zhang。
4 land selection
In an ecological area suitable for the production of rohango, it is appropriate to establish a nursery for pick-up and a corset at a scale of 1:3. Precincts are not allowed to be made out of plots of eggplant, thorium and reptile crops to prevent infestation by pests. The poor water protection capacity of sand and soil is facilitating the invasion of the roots of the plant by the dysentery, and the poor water drainage and ventilation of clay can easily lead to root disease and should not be used as a nursery. They shall be consistent with the environmental conditions of the ny / t 391 green food products and the db45 / t 532 non-hazardous pharmaceutical products. The air quality of the nursery land shall be consistent with the limit of concentration above level 2 in the gb3095 environmental air quality standards, and the quality of the earth's environment shall not be higher than the screening and control values for agricultural soil pollution risk management as specified in the gb15618 soil environmental quality criteria for agricultural soil pollution (preliminary) and the water quality of agricultural land irrigation shall not exceed the limits for basic and optional control items as specified in the gb 5084 soil irrigated water quality standards。
5 bus
In accordance with the temperature of the nursery, a vermin network (25-40 m) has been built, with a north-south orientation. The roof covers a network of activity shades that can adjust the light rate and adjust the intensity of light in a timely manner to the light demand of rohango and weather conditions。
6 mother strain breeding
6. 1 in the early autumn and winter, tilled plots, with no more than 30 cm in depth, are naturally tanned. In january-february of the following year, the earth was covered with stones, roots, etc., which were distributed evenly for every 667 m2, with lime 100 to 200 kg, 50 per cent of the more fertilizable powders 0. 5 to 1. 0 kg, decomposable organic fertilizer 4,000 to 5,000 kg, phosphorus fat 15 to 25 kg (the application of fertilizers should conform to the ny / t 394 guidelines for the use of green food fertilizers and the ny / t 496 guidelines for the reasonable use of fertilizers), and the earth was torn and the soil and fertilizer were to be fully fined. \
Flaten the ground, press 100 to 120 cm, 20 to 25 cm high, 30 to 35 cm wide sidewalks between the plumes and the plumes, and open drains around the plots。
6. 2 before and after the time of planting, when the earth's temperature continues at not less than 15°c, it is chosen to plant the saplings of the qualified rohan nuts at a range of 20 to 25 cm and 25 to 30 cm at the range of 20 to 25 cm。
6. 3 the management of water fertilizers is highly humid, is less resistant to drought and floods, and is constrained by persistent drought and prolonged water accumulation. Therefore, drought should be accompanied by proper water showers, which should be followed by timely drainage and maintenance of 60-80 per cent water holding in the field. After planting, every 15 d of fattening, combined with weeding, rinsing, fertilized organic fertilized water, 0. 5 to 1. 0 kg/stamp, or applying, fertilized organic fertilizer, 0. 5 to 1. 0 kg+ phosphorous fertiliser, 50 to 100 g。
6. 4 roasted chicken graft before 20-25 cm tall, not yet inverted, directs it up with a rope. Select the shade or the sun, and when the water is dry, wear a single-use pe (polyethylene) gloves or emulsive gloves, and remove the argon buds, so as to provide the main chicken with concentrated nutrients. Hand or rain, etc., should not be allowed to touch the wound directly so that the virus does not enter. One of the units is finished, the gloves are replaced once and the other is treated to prevent cross-infection。
6. 5 when pest control occurs, biological, physical and agricultural methods should be given priority. When there is a genuine need for chemical control, multiple high-efficiency, low-toxic and low-residency pesticides should be used interchangeably to prevent resistance, as set out in the gb / t 8321. 1 - gb / t 8321. 10 guidelines for the reasonable use of pesticides and the ny / t 393 guidelines for the use of green food pesticides。
Flower leaf disease. Flower leaf disease is transmitted mainly through cotton acupuncture and juice friction. Once the central strain has been discovered, the root is dug up and, together with the inter-root soil, placed in a sealed pocket and destroyed from the nursery. At the same time, lime was sprayed in and around the disease's centres for soil disinfection。
Decay. When the upper leaves of rohango atrophy occurs at noon and afternoon, and the night and the next morning can be partially restored, it is clear that the plant has been infested with ailments. Be careful to open up the surface, show the main roots, spray or root with 40% bromine multifluorinated powder, + sprout bacterium b47, or its extracts, and alternately with antibiotics, e. G., broad-dry spirits。
Speculative disease. Stemming diseases (the pathogen is stagonos-propsis cucurbitacearum) are mainly harmful to leaf blades, manifested in yellow spots on the leaves, greening and yellowing around the spots, which are then transmitted to yellow and brown, piercing the centre of the disease, and the leaves are dying. Spraying 45 per cent of the metrene wp (1g/ l), 60 per cent of the metamine manganese salt wp (0. 5g/ l), 60 per cent of the thoride dysen united nations wp (0. 5g/ l) and 80 per cent of the peptol wp (0. 25g/ l)。
For each 667 m2, the polyecstasy (8-10kg) containing the candle aroma strain is modulated and stacked to cover plastic sheeting and 30 d; or the miller (2-2. 5kg) is mixed with the same mass of fine earth, sowing the face, mixing it in the soil through the whole field, and during the summer season when the root worm has high hair, the ditch is applied around the plant。
Aphids. Aphids and insects are mainly planted by the use of the juice from the back of the lohan nuts. Worse still, aphids are the main vector for the transmission of leaf disease, and the damage caused by aphid transmission of leaf virus disease is far greater than the aphid itself. Every three to five m around the plot, a sticky yellowboard with the same height as the plant is hanged, trapping aphids into insects, or employing 10 per cent of aphid cypermethrin cream 2,000 to 3,000 times the fluid, 40 per cent of alumni 1,000 to 2,000 times the fluid, 50 per cent of aluminum cream 1,000 to 1,500 times the fluid, or 50 per cent of aroma fuzzy humid powder 2,000 to 3,000 times the liquid spray spray is sprayed every 7d one time and two to three times. Red fire ants. Red fire ants eat the roots, roots, leaves, flowers and buds of rohango directly, seriously affecting plant growth and even causing death. In addition, red fire ants attack the workers of the gardens, causing severe shock. Boiled water can be poured directly into an ant nest, or a fungus strain of stdif6, stdif9, j-12 ethylene acid crude bait, or 0. 01% pyrethroid bait。
Slashed night moths. Slashed night moths tend to gnaw on the back of the leaf, spreading over three years of age to plant tender leaves, buds and plumes, causing foliage and affecting plant growth. Eggs and “soft leaves” of the hatching larvae should be removed in a timely manner; slashed night moth bait baits should be placed on the sugar vinegar basin (sugar: water = 3:1:6, plus a small quantity of 90% trichlorfon); water-dispersed granules with 20 billion pib / g slashed night moths with a multi-angle virus 12,000-15,000 times more liquid, 5% lice mites emulsions 1,000-1,500 times more liquid, or 2. 5% high-efficiency chlorocyanothrin cream 2,000-3,000 times more liquid sprayed against 3 years of age。
7 embroidery
7. 1 ground-wide clearing of miscellaneous items, flattening of plots, making of a 8-10 cm-high, 100-120 cm-wide sap bed, setting up a fog spray at 120-150 cm on the sap bed, leaving 30-35 cm-wide sidewalk between the sapbeds. Sprayed ash per 667m2. A layer of materials, such as sheeting or slag, to avoid direct contact with the ground by the nursery bags。
7. 2 bulk preparation
In accordance with the ly / t 1000 packer feeding technology, fully decomposed seedling cells are packed into a swipeless seedling bag (6-8 cm upper diameter, 10-12 cm higher), which is compact and does not contain more than 4/5 of the capacity of the nursery bag, so that the seedling bag is placed in the bed. Pre-plugs 3 to 5d, with polybacterium 1,000 to 1,500 times the liquid and avimulin 1,500 to 2,500 times the liquid matrix sprayed once per 2d and two to three times in a row. At the same time, the shelters are closed, the soil is wiped out with fumigants such as cotton croaks and acres, smoked two to three d in a row and ventilated in front of the plugs one to two d in case of a drug。
7. 3 eclipse collection selects a growing, disease-free and robust plant for the year in question as the mother-child. One to two d to stop sprouts. Collect the stalks by 10 a. M. In the middle of the sun or in the middle of the sun, and then cut the seedlings after keeping the roots of the roots of one to two functional leaves and getting the stalks. (b) placing the stalk base in a container containing a small amount of clean water. If the nursery is far away from the nursery, then the speck shall be placed in a conservatory packaging containing an ice bag, separated by paper from the scavenger, and careful not to see the glucose droplets of the surface of the scavenger into the scavenger bag, which shall be transported quickly to a windless and cool place near the scavenger。
7. 4 injection is prepared to cut the unfibroted young parts of the top of the ear, and then to cut the remaining (half) fibrosis sections by 5 to 10 cm, with a “spring of a leaf”. The upper end of the plug should be evenly cut at 0. 5 to 1. 0 cm from the abdomen, and the lower end slashed (45°) and smooth. Cuts the leaf blades on the end of the plugs from 1/4 to 1/2 to reduce evaporation. Plugged in 50% more than 800-1,000 times more filamentable powder, 20-30min, then 5-10min, in the root agent (200 mg/l, 100 mg/l, 200 mg/l). Take out the plugs and hang them in the shade to the surface without dripping。
7. 5 plugin
9- in october, the treated slots were tilted 40°-50° radium into a nursery bag, pressurized at 2/3 piping depth, and sprayed with water to substrate damp。
7. 6 field management lighting. Jin-ho was born before the bud, the light
Low-intensity demand and, once the sun is projected, the sunnet should be activated immediately, with a control rate of 10-30%. After the embroidery, the need for light strength is high and should be gradually increased to 50 to 70 per cent, with an appropriate length of time。
Temperature. In the fall, when the temperature is too high, the sunscreen should be activated
Reduce the intensity of light; start a ventilator, ventilating heat; and time spray, cooling water to ensure temperature does not exceed 35°c. Sealed at low temperatures at the beginning of the winter and spring, only 0. 5-1. 0h of ventilation is available at noon. If necessary, plastic sheeting can be covered on the oscillation surface, and sunnets can be covered at night to ensure that the temperature is not less than 5°c。
Humidity. Pre-embrying should maintain a relative humidity of 80 to 90 per cent of the air in the incubation, through the operation of shade nets and time sprays. When the stem is sprouts, the relative humidity of the air should be reduced to 60-80%。
Water. Time-spray and ventilating, keeping the base relative water content 60%-80%. Before leaving, 7d should gradually reduce the relative water content of the matrix to 50-60%。
Getting fat. Before jing is born, he should be fattening every 7d leaf one time. After the embroidery, every 15d shall be showered with 1 decomposition organic fertilizer or composite fatty solution。
Peasant weeding. Once the root of the plug is found to be naked, the matrix should be covered in a timely manner and water should be sprayed after pressure. Clean up in a timely manner and avoid competition for fatty water with insects, depending on the growth of weeds in the nursery bags. Pest control is enforced by reference to 6. 5。
8 out
The following spring, when the saplings are up to 8-15 cm, the root is 6 sprouts, and the function is 5 leaves, they can leave the bed。
9 box
The seedlings are divided into two levels as specified in table 1, each 6 to 10 plastic bags, some of which are bound by wrapping ropes, and only a part of the seedling field is shown and filled with plastic baskets 5 to 10 cm higher than the seedling. The box is accompanied by a certificate indicating the number, name of the species, origin, quality examiner, level of detection, unit of production and date of delivery, etc。
Table 1
Transport
Before moving the tree, quarantine shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the gb 15569 procedure for the quarantine of agricultural plants, obtaining a phyto-sanitary certificate, which shall accompany the vehicle. When a tree is loaded, it should be light, folded and not overcrowded. Long-distance means of transport should be equipped with wind, sun and rain protection facilities。
Archives
Detailed documentation of the measures taken in the selection of species, selection of nursery grounds, construction of sheds, breeding of mother stock, planting of seedlings, delivery of nurseries, fittings, transport and archives, etc., and production records。
