Whether in nature or in the field of social sciences, the spiral is a magical concept that can't go back。
Say clock. On the board, the pointer rotates over time, and each conjoining at the vertebrae is a retreat in the spatial sense and a forward in the temporal sense; outside the pallet, the maturity of the watch technology and the development of the industry are also spiraled. Following this curved path of “negative denial”, the evolution from low to high, from simple to complex has been carried out silently, as stated in the natural defence act, “the spiral of development”。
# with a twirl around #
If a crown is awarded to the watch industry, it must be switzerland. Radars, rolexes, omega, bada emeralds, jiang shidun... These famous world watch brands belong to switzerland。
However, the united kingdom and france were high ground in the watch industry before the word “swiss made” became the watch proxy. When the clocks were small and heavy, it was certainly not possible to carry them with them. They had to hang them on walls or on shelves, and they had to wait and take them lightly。
The first portable clock is said to have appeared around the fifteenth century. Their inventions are more or less related to the advent of the great age of navigation. The calculation time is as important as the calculation distance in the battle for the oceans, otherwise it is easy to deviate from course. As a result, tabulation technology began to develop at a rapid pace. However, specific information on the portable clock in paragraph 1, including styles, timing of inventions and inventors, is not kept in precise terms and is therefore inconsistent。
As for the universalization of the watch, it was the seventeenth century. The view was expressed that the rise of the watch was in fact a “by-product” of religious reform. At the beginning of the sixteenth century, religious reform movements swept europe. This campaign has had two direct results: firstly, a large number of unskilled watchmen had to stay away from their homes for reasons of faith and settle in switzerland, which is predominantly protestant, and secondly, the well-developed calvinian teachings, which promoted austerity and prohibited the wearing of jewellery by believers, resulting in the unemployment of many jewelers. At the same time, clocks are essential for religious life, as protestants must sleep, rise and worship strictly within the prescribed time. As a result, the watch grew when the jewellers, who suffered from the shrinking market, joined the watchmakers。
As stated in time war, “the rise of the swiss watch industry is essentially an industrial shift caused by the influx of talent” and “the two elements of protestantism and immigration are indispensable”。
With the expansion of the industry, the world's first watch industry association, the geneva forms association, was established in 1601. According to information, there were at that time more than 500 watch factories and workshops in geneva, which also became a world watch manufacturing centre。
It's a little late for the wristwatch to be on the historical stage。
In 1873, a boy named alberto santos-dumont was born in brazil. As a pioneer and flighter in the brazilian aviation industry, he studied france and, during his stay in france, put forward the idea of wearing portable clocks on his wrists. The reason for this is also demand-driven, given the frequency of wars in europe at that time and the need for the french military to coordinate tactics in the rugged alps。
Today, with the proliferation of smart watches and smartphones, there are fewer people wearing functional wristwatches and the swiss clock is beginning to be used as a collection. Moreover, in order to “finish” the retrosity, the vast majority of the collections did not use satellite timing systems that had matured over the years, but instead returned to purely mechanical principles, with the physical modules driven by strips and carried by gear groups becoming the absolute mainstream。
From swinging, wearing, wearing, returning, is a spiral。
Switzerland united states japan switzerland
Regardless of the wisdom of the country's watch operators in the process of industrial development, the ultimate conglomerate or swiss。
From the clock boom to the beginning of the twentieth century, swiss people were “kings” for most of the time. In the eyes of many swiss watchmakers, clockwatches are never just a timer tool, but an art, and it is a fine work, preferably unique, which is why they prefer handmade production。
When a large number of skilled craftsmen were gathered together, “rolls” were formed, and the chemical reaction took place — not only did they turn the swiss “roll” into the dominant industry, but also “rolls” into new heights of the watch production process。
In particular, with the participation of jewellers and traders, simple, precise mechanistic aesthetics converged with zong's design, fine human aesthetics. In that age when the brand concept was not fully developed, the swiss clock had shaped an unparalleled regional brand with super-high production processes and design levels。
In the middle of the twentieth century, a change came suddenly. Based on new technologies developed during the second world war, american companies began to try to replace precious metals with alloys, to replace springs with batteries as a power source and to develop the idea of mass production of wristwatches. Among the conglomerates, the beauty of heaven emerges and is profitable. In fact, tianmei won not only technology, but also market ideas. At that time, the american-american market had been redefined by popular consumerism, which originated in the united states, and there was an urgent need for relatively cheap industrial manufactured goods, from refrigerators, washing machines, cars and watches. During this mass market raging, the americans won a great deal, and the swiss were unaware。
When the japanese decided to join the game, the watch industry surged again. Japanese enterprises have introduced a new stone-based technology that further simplifys design. In fact, the inventor of the stone watch was a swiss engineer. The engineer found that if the current passed through the quartz, the crystal would produce vibrations, which would accurately measure the time. The swiss, however, did not promote this technology, because, in their view, the watch presented the finest, mechanical beauty of all, and the stone watch could not be seen. By the 1970s, japanese brands such as makoto, west steel city and casio had squeezed out the early winners of tianmei and baloohua. This time, it's the swiss。
It was not until the late 1980s that some swiss watch workers began to look seriously at mass consumption markets. It is not important to look at it as a direct “downside blow” to colleagues from other countries. After all, at any given time, talent is the core competitiveness of an industry, and in this regard switzerland has never wavered for 400 years over the whole industry. As the ash-class player starts to take it seriously, the situation turns around. As if the swiss watch industry had recovered overnight。
The return to switzerland from switzerland, the united states and japan is another spiral。
The watch, the phone, the watch
It has been said that switzerland's watch industry is like lions in the prairie and that it is harmless to fall asleep in humans and animals, but to turn back to the world as long as it opens its eyes. But just as no-noodles are defeated not by rice, porridge, but by the pot of fire, by the feeding platform that can harm the lions, only by the small beasts that were born。
Smartphone is this little monster。
In 1973, martin cooper, working in motorola, invented the first cell phone. One day in april of that year, he stood on the streets of new york, pulling out a radio message about two bricks, saying it was a big deal and causing the passers-by. In an interview with the media, he revealed that he had been inspired by a two-way radio watch worn by detective dick tracy in 1946, the same comic book. Coincidentally, a similar device appeared in the episode of " cats who speak " in superman, a radio programme that exploded that year。
Twenty years later, in 1993, the world's first recognized smartphone, ibm simon, was born. In the new century, apples, chinese, tristars, millet, etc. Rose. The performance of smartphones has long been uneven, and the consumption properties of clocks have been seriously challenged, gradually turning into luxury items, collections, decorations, and the swiss watch, known for its fine work, has been badly damaged。
Until 2012, the wind changed again. It was called the "year of smart wearable equipment" because of google glasses. As the next hot spot in the smart-end industry, smart-enabled devices are beginning to be widely recognized by the market as a result of the shrinking of innovative spaces for smartphones and the near saturation of market increments. As the industry developed, these technology firms, which had squeezed the watch industry half-dead, restarted selling smart watches — the “near” of mobile phones — and returned to people's wrists again。
Is there any way to live this time in switzerland
It turns out there is。
According to the sixth edition of the swiss watch industry published by morgan stanley, swiss watch exports showed a downward trend between 2019 and 2022, but their total value continued to rise. In 2016, swiss watch exports were very close, with $25 million for the former and $22 million for the latter. By 2022, some 9. 5 million smart watches had been sold globally, while export sales from switzerland had fallen to 15. 8 million. Of these, swiss watch sales, at a price of between 200 and 500 swiss francs, were the most marked, but the high-end watch remained strong, significantly supplementing the industry-wide losses. Analysts believe that the negative impact of smart watches on the swiss watch industry “will become less important” over time and in the breakdown of consumption groups. The report also predicts that the swiss watch industry will gradually grow at a compound rate of around 7 per cent in the future, in line with the trend in the market for high-end consumer goods for individuals。
From the watch, the mobile phone, to the watch, is the third-floor spiral。
This is the wonder of the spiral: look over the top, or the hands, or the watch, and everything seems to be back to square one. But if you look at it, it's far from one another. Because of technological changes in altitude, the two are similar, but god has long been different。
In this sense, this wonderful spiral never returns, but climbs。
