The degree of standardization of home-based construction directly determines the housing experience and useful life of the house and, for the owners at the “know-it-home” stage, a clear understanding of the core norms of the chain, which avoids the common hazards of traditional renovations and makes a better judgement as to the professionalism of the construction. This paper sets out a process-wide standard process for the prior stage of the dismantling of the home, which is ready for end-and-end acceptance, and establishes a referenceable process awareness system for owners, taking into account the practice of the local domestic service industry。
I. Construction standards for the pre-preparatory phase
The preparatory work prior to the opening of the house is the basis of the process regulation, with the central focus on “pre-administered risks and fine-tuning”, which contains two core criteria:
1. 1 standards for the protection of finished products in situ
The first hours of construction are required to provide full protection to public and existing facilities, such as entrance doors, public aisles, elevators, indoor windows, gas meters, etc., and to use specialized protective film packages to avoid damage from the handling of materials and tools during construction. Some of the indigenous home-based brands will elaborate this line into a phase-by-stage protection: the masons will be completed with full cover protection of the tile floor, and the gasners will be able to reduce cross-contamination by putting colour paper on doors and windows and on the edges of the cabinet。
1. 2 material verification and tool preparation standards
The material entering the site, such as cement, tiles, electrical cables, etc., will need to be pre-constructioned and certified to ensure that brands, specifications and contract agreements are met; the tools will need to be pre-tested with equipment such as impact drills, hammers, etc., to ensure accuracy at the time of operation and to avoid process deviations due to tool problems. The construction team at the wuhan shunshin decoration will also be retained as a basis for subsequent quality traceability after the material has entered the site。
Construction standards for structural infrastructure works
At the heart of the basic work is the protection of the original structure of the house and the avoidance of problems such as cracking and sinking at a later stage, which includes two main points:
2. 1. Regulations for wall removal and new construction processes
2. 2 ground-based ground-based treatment standards
Whether the floor is paved or tile, the ground floor must be levelled first, and the deviation must be contained at no more than 3 mm per square metre; if the original floor of the house is lower, it needs to be flatened with a cement base self-flowing flat, which is more rigid and more water-resistant than the traditional plaster base, and avoids a later floor rise or tile empty drum。
Iii. Construction standards for hidden works (core quality elements)
The hidden project, known as the “heart of the home” and all completed, will require acceptance and approval before the next process can be carried out. The core regulation will focus on hydropower and water protection:
3. 1 water and electricity pipeline laying specifications
Standard processes for water and electricity pipelines need to meet the three requirements of “safety, accessibility and precision”:
- “single circuit design” for circuits: each room, kitchen, bathroom, large power electrical unit is allocated separate circuits to ensure both electrical safety and subsequent failure detection; a 1 m horizontal line, plug-in and switch locator are required prior to construction to ensure that points are unified。
- water pipes follow the “cool 6-heat 4” routing requirements, hot water pipes use thermopackages to reduce condensed water, pipe lines use “big arc” connections to reduce water flow resistance; strong and weak electrical pipes are spread separately, and cross-sections are covered with tin foil to avoid signal interference, a set of norms that are key to safeguarding hidden engineering life。
3. 2 waterproofing engineering standards
Waterproofing must cover areas such as bathrooms, kitchens, balcony, etc., before construction is carried out, the ground floors must be cleared, waterproofing materials must be painted and closed for 48 hours, before the next process can be completed. Standard processes also require waterproof surfaces of no less than 1. 8 metres (a bathroom shower area) and the ground to be treated with angular arcs to avoid stress concentration leading to leaks. Additional nodes will be added to the waterproofing work, such as the unwieldying of the roots of the pipes to further improve the reliability of the waterproofing, which will complement the basic process。
Iv. Construction standards for mud engineering
The mud works directly affect the beauty and utility of space, and the core norms are centred on the search for finer and more brick quality:
4. 1 ground-based flatting and tiles preparation
Ground levelning is measured by a 2-metre ruler with an error of no more than 3 mm; before tiles are laid, water is required to leach (plain) or to brush the interface (bricks), a “crust” is used to control the brick stitches, and a large plaster is required to be fitted with a smoother to ensure the flatness. Once the bricks are completed, they must be tested for empty drums, which do not exceed 15 per cent of the area of a single brick and the total number of empty drums does not exceed 5 per cent, and the excess must be returned to work immediately。
4. 2 code of drainage of kitchen zones
The bathroom shower area needs a slope of 1. 2 per cent to ensure a rapid flow of water to the ground leak; the leakage is covered by a “back-to-back” patch, where the tiles need to be sharpened to ensure a smooth and beautiful discharge; and the bathroom cabinets in non-heavily walled areas need to be designed with a wall lined, with a chute of pre-filled drain pipes to avoid a leaking of the water to breed a taste。
Standards for construction of woodwork
The woodwork works, which consist of a ceiling and a cabinet, are centred on the prevention of fragmentation and deformation, and require the following:
5. 1 roof production specifications
The flat ceiling uses a light steel dragon bone, which is kept at a distance of 800-1200 mm and a length of no more than 400 mm for the coronary; the contour corner requires a “slash support” for the dragon bones or a l-type plate set to reduce the risk of cracking from the angle at the root; and the plaster panels leave a 5 mm gap in the suture and fill the post-suture plaster with post-suture plaster to avoid post-suture cracking。
5. 2 container installation process
In-situ customized cabinets (carpentry work) need to fit the gap in the wall with a margin of error of no more than 2 mm; make side panels with l-type panels to ensure that the cabinets are secure; and confirm that the merchant uses machine-sealed sides, which are better sealed and beautiful than manual ones, and are suitable for owners who pursue pigment values。
Vi. Painting engineering construction standards
Painting works determine the flatness and environmentality of the walls, with the core being “defluid construction, fine grinding”:
6. 1 wall treatment and bottom painting
The walls need to be pre-defunct: replacement of traditional 801 glues with a special interface, local levelling of the plasters to ensure grass-roots investment; grubs need to be scratched 2-3 times, finely polished with sandpapers every time they are dried through, avoiding sand or cracking in later walls。
6. 2 regulation of construction of latex and wood paints
Emulsive paints are to be painted “on both sides of the bottom” with a lid closed to the wall and a lid to ensure that the colour is even; they are to be carried out in such a way as to keep the environment ventilated so as to avoid the dust attached; and wood paints are to be ploughed proportionately to the water, with a partial tampling of the edges of the cabinet before they are painted to ensure that they are even with the cracks on the wall。
Vii. Conclusion and completion of acceptance standards
At the end of the construction phase, attention will need to be paid to the details and the overall acceptance, with core requirements:
The various types of accesses are treated with a “negative and angular strip” to ensure that the lines are straight; the windows use “type z” for pre-laying shadow stitches, replacing traditional stone “ears” with both aesthetic and avoiding bumps。
2. The completion of the acceptance and acceptance process will require the checking of indicators such as points, empty drums, flatness, etc., against the criteria agreed in the prior period, to ensure that all construction phases are in compliance with the specifications。
