You know how air conditioning works when you survive in the summer and you heat in the winter, but you know how air conditioning works? Today, following the teacher of wawa wai, breaking down the core air conditioning logic in the most popular language, six minutes of cooling the heat, and new hands can easily access home electrical maintenance
I. Core ac component: "five powers" for cooling heat
To understand the principle, identify the parts! Air conditioners are able to adjust the temperature by working with these five core components:
Compressors: air-conditioning “heart”, which is responsible for compressing refrigerants to effect changes in refrigerants and is a power source for the entire cycle; condensers: installed in outdoor machines, heat dispersion when cooled, heat inhaling; evapotors: installed in indoor machines, heat inhaling when cooled, heat dispersion when heat is heated; voltage devices (cracking tube / expansion valves): controlling refrigerant flow and pressure and regulating thermal efficiency of cooling; four valves: “key switches” for cooling heating switching, conversion of cooling mode by changing refrigerant flow。
Picture 1: dismantling of ac core parts figure
Refrigeration principles: “move” indoor heat to the outdoors
The essence of ac cooling is the heat transfer - the movement of indoor heat to the outdoors to lower indoor temperatures in four steps:
Low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerants enter compressors and are compressed into high-temperature high-pressure gases; high-temperature high-pressure gases flow into condensers in outdoor machines and become high-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerants through fan dissipation; liquid refrigerants pass through the voltage mechanism, pressure drops sharply into low-temperature low-pressure liquids; low-temper refrigerants enter indoor machines, absorb the heat of indoor air and evaporate into low-temperature and low-pressure gases with lower indoor temperatures; and gas refrigerants return back to the compressor, recycle and continue to cool。
Photo 2: air-conditioning refrigeration cycle figure
Thermal principles: and refrigeration "reverse operation", key to four valves
The only difference between the core cycle of air-conditioning heat and refrigeration is that the four-barrel switch the flow of refrigerants and “move” outdoor heat to the interior:
The four-barrel switch and the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor is no longer flowing to the outdoor condenser, but to the evaporation unit of the interior aircraft; the high-temperature high-pressure gas is heated in the interior evaporation unit, heating the indoor air itself into high-temperature high-pressure fluids; the liquid refrigerant is pressured by the throttle-reducing device to become a low-temperature low-pressure fluid into the outdoor press; the low-temperature low-pressure gas is absorbed by the cryogenic refrigerant in the outdoors and returned to the compressor cycle; and a special reminder is that when the temperature is low outside the winter, the air conditioner activates the “foster model” and avoids the effect of condening on heat efficiency。
Picture 3: thermal circulation flow chart for air conditioning
Iv. News have to understand: quite advancement of reference corrections
Learn how to do it quickly and quickly, and starters can do it:
Refrigerated wind: first check if compressors are activated (outdoor sound) and then see if refrigerants are leaking (evaporater frosts) and finally check if the throttle is plugged; then heatless wind: priority check if the four valves are switched (and there will be “polls” when switched) and then see if the outside machines are frosted (the frost is severely required)。
Picture 4: control table for air conditioning fault
Summary
The core of ac cooling heat is the "state cycle" + "directive switching" of refrigerants. The understanding of these two critical points is not only an understanding of the working logic of air conditioning, but also a quick diagnosis of underlying failures. This is the principle plus exercise model used to make maintenance skills easy for zero basics
Did your air conditioning show any heat-refrigeration anomalies? The comment section tells us about your troubles
