Black gunpowder is the oldest energy material in human hands, more than 1,300 years old, and the core formula has not changed — nitro, sulphur, charcoal, three things. But "no change" doesn't mean "no talk." the difference of two percentage points and the power and speed of the blast are completely different; the fineness of the grinding, the sequence of the mixing, which seems to be indescribableProcess detailsIt was decided whether the final product was a stable propellant or a dead end. Here's the core of the gunpowder。
How does the gunpowder work differently
The best match for black powder is75:10:15The weight ratio of nitro, sulfur, charcoal. But that's standard answer, not the only answer. The ratio of firecrackers and rocket-propellant can be even worse. The firecrackers will be sore, the gas will swell, the proportion of charcoal will fall to 12 or 10, and the proportion of sulphur will fall to 13; and the rocket push will burn steadily and steadily, the amount of charcoal will reach 18, so that the carbon powder will burn for a while, so that it will not explode. The most extreme of the formula-concentrating project that i brought with me at the workshop was the "green powder" of fireworks, replacing some of the nitro with potassium chlorate. The whole burn curve changed. The temperature fell from 2,800 to 2,200 k, and the light turned green. This match, there are no textbooks to replace, it's all in a bunch of tests。
The sequencing of grinding and mixing processes is also critical. Nitrophate is crystallized, charcoal is fibrosis, sulfur is waxy, and the physical state of the three is very poor. It is standard procedure in the workshop to develop the nitro into 200 line powders and then sift with sulfur and then dry charcoal. If, in turn, charcoal is mixed before nitro, the carbon powder is embedded in the nitro crystals, uneven and the batches of the finished products are inoperable。
What's the use of sulfur in gunpowder
Many people think sulfur is a "flammant" and burn it down. Nope. There are three things that sulfur does in black powder:Reduce the flame of the mixture and act as a glue to stabilize the particle structureAnd participating in the reaction to produce sulphur dioxide and sulphides, to "lock" the water vapour in the gas phase to make the combustion cleaner. In 1985, the soviets published a set of data in energy materials, which gradually reduced sulphur from 10% to 3%Ignition sensitivity drops straightIt's almost impossible to hit under 3%. However, not as much as possible, after more than 15 per cent, excess sulphur was involved in the reaction at a later stage of combustion, resulting in a large amount of black smoke and sulfur yellow, and the efficiency of the advance fell。
The amount of particles actually produced is more sensitive than the ratio. The same formula, 80 and 300, mixedThe particle structure is about 15% apart, the filling density is different, with a pressure peak difference of one slot. The sulphur that is now used in our plant is a custom-made 40-to-60 range, which is twice as expensive as general-industrial sulphur, but batch stability is far greater。
The principle of gunpowder manufacturing is not complicated, but it's hard to get "uncomplicated" into line with each batch. The formula is a skeleton, the craft is flesh and blood, and nothing can survive。
