Dsp isDigital signal processingTechnology, dsp chip means chip capable of achieving digital signal processing techniques. The dsp chip is a fast and powerful microprocessor unique in that it can process information instantaneously. The internal application of procedures and data-segregated harvard structures for dsp chips, with specialized hardware multipliers, can be used to quickly achieve various digital signal processing algorithms. In the context of today's digital age, the dsp has become the foundation in areas such as communications, computers, consumer electronics。
The birth of the dsp chip is a necessity of the times. Since the 1960s, as computers and information technologies have developed at a rapid pace, digital signal processing technologies have emerged and developed rapidly. Digital signal processing can only be done by microprocessors before the dsp chip appears. However, due to the low processing speed of microprocessors, high-speed real-time requirements for increasing amounts of information are simply not met. Thus, the application of faster and more efficient signal processing has become an increasingly urgent social need。
In the 1970s, the theoretical and algorithmal foundations of the dsp chip were matured. But then the dsp just stayed on the textbook, even though the developed dsp system was made up of separate components, and it's not just the dspApplication areaLimited to the military, aerospace and aerospace sectors。
In 1978, ami released the world's first single dsp chip s2811, but without the hardware multiplier required for a modern dsp chip
In 1979, commercial programmable devices issued by intel inc. In the united states 2920 were a major milestone in the dsp chip, but they still lack hardware multipliers
In 1980, the first commercial dsp chip with a hardware multiplication was introduced by the japanese nec company mmd7720, which was considered the first single dsp device。
Dsp chip birth process
The first generation of the dsp chip tms32010 and its series of products was born in 1982. This dsp device is made using the nanotechnologies nmos, which are slightly more efficient and larger, but operate dozens of times faster than the microprocessor. The advent of the dsp chip was a milestone that marked a major step towards miniaturization of the dsp application from large systems. By the mid-1980s, with the arrival of the cmos dsp chip, its storage capacity and operating speed were multiplied and formed the basis of voice processing and image hardware processing techniques。
In the late '80s, the third generation of dsp chips was born. The speed of operations has been further improved, and its application has gradually expanded to include communications and computers
The dsp was the fastest growing in the 1990s, with the emergence of fourth and fifth generation dsp chips. The fifth generation has a higher degree of system integration than the fourth generation, combining dsp cores and peripheral elements on a single chip。
After the 21st century, the sixth generation of dsp chips was born. While the sixth-generation chip is fully capable of crushing the fifth-generation chip, it has developed many individualized branches based on different commercial purposes and has begun to develop new areas。
Dsp chip applications
The dsp chip emphasizes the real-time nature of digital signal processing. Dsp, as a digital signal processor, converts analogue signals into digital signals for high-speed real-time processing by specialized processors. It has high-speed, flexible, programmable, low-capacity interface functions that play an increasingly important role in communications areas such as graphic image processing, voice processing and signal processing。
Market applications of dsp chips
There are more applications in the dsp, and there are prospects for new applications in the future. According to u. S. Authoritative information companies, the dsp chips are currently most used in the communications sector, accounting for 56. 1 per cent; followed by the computer sector, accounting for 21. 16 per cent; consumer electronics and automated controls, 10. 69 per cent; military/aviation, 4. 59 per cent; instrument instruments, 3. 5 per cent; industrial controls, 3. 3 per cent; and office automation, 0. 65 per cent。
Dsp chip applications
1) applications of dsp chips in the field of multimedia communications。
The amount of information generated by the transmission of media data is enormous, and the multimedia network terminals need to analyse and process the amount of information obtained quickly throughout the process. Dsp is therefore applied to voice encoding, image compression and reduced voice communication. Today, dsp has a real-time effect on voice decodering, and design protocol requirements have become the most basic international standard。
2) dsp chip applications in the field of industrial control。
In the field of industrial control, industrial robots are widely used and the performance of robotic control systems is becoming increasingly demanding. The top priority of robotic control systems is real-time, producing more data and computing processing while completing an action, where high performance dsps can be used. By applying to robotic control systems, the dsp makes full use of its own real-time computing velocity characteristics, allowing robotic systems to deal with problems quickly, making it easier to form parallel processing networks in the system as the dsp digital signal chip speeds increase, significantly improving the performance of control systems and making robotic systems more widely developed。
3) dsp chip applications in instrument instrumentation。
Dsp has a wealth of internal resources that can significantly simplify the hardware circuits of instrument instruments and achieve the soc design of instrument instruments. Measuring accuracy and speed of instrumentation is an important indicator, and the development of products using dsp chips can significantly improve both indicators. For example, tms320f2810 of ti has an efficient 32-bit cpu kernel, 12-bit a/d converters, a rich sheet memory and a flexible command system that provides a vast platform for high-precision instruments. High-precision instruments have now evolved into an important application of the dsp, which is in a state of rapid diffusion and will drive technological innovation in industry。
Tms320 chip, texas instrument, usa
3) dsp chip applications in the field of car safety and unmanned driving。
Automobile electronic systems, such as infrared and millimetre wave radars, will be increasingly developed and will require dsp analysis. Today, the number of cars is increasing, and the impact-prevention systems have become hot spots for research. Furthermore, image data taken using cameras need to be processed through dsp in order to be displayed in the driving system for use by drivers。
4) dsp chip applications in the military field。
Dsps have low power, small size and real-time response speeds that are particularly necessary for weapons equipment. For example, airborne missiles, which are equipped with infrared detectors and corresponding dsp signal processors in a limited volume, automatically lock and track the target. Helmet microlighters equipped with visual sight sight sight sights and individual infantry personnel on advanced fighter jets are required to filter and enhance images using dsp technology and to search for and capture intelligent targets. Dsp technology is also used for the processing of radar digital signals such as automatic artillery control, cruise missiles, early warning aircraft, phase-controlled antennas, etc。
High-end markets are monopolized by foreign companies
At present, there are three major dsp chip manufacturers in the world: texas instrument (ti), simulator (adi) and motorola, with tti taking over the bulk of the international market, and motorola having a market。
The tss 320 series of dsp chips, which are now the most influential and successful dsp series processor, was successfully launched in 1982。
Of the three series ti hosts, the c2000 series now has a smaller market share, and the dsp products on ti web are now dominated by c6,000 and c5,000. Ti's three major dsp product series is the c2000 series, which is used primarily for digital control systems; the c5,000 (c54x, c55x) series, which is used mainly for low-capacity, portable wireless communications terminal products; and the c6000 series, which is used mainly for high-performance and complex communications systems. The tms320c54x series dsp chip in the c5,000 series was widely used in the field of communication and personal consumption electronics。
C6000 main hit product of the c60000 dsp+arm processor (12) - omap-l1x (5), 66ak2x (7); c6000 dsp (94) - c674xdsp (5), c66xdsp(11)
The c5,000 series is based on the c55x ultra-low power consumption dsp, which provides efficient signal processing for compact embedded products with very low power consumption。
The dsp products of ti are mainly in the fields of machine visualization, aviation electronics and defence, size, weight and utility (swap), audio, video code/code and biometrics。
Four dsp chip products on the ti website
Currently, adi has six primary hit products, which are applied in the areas of voice processing, image processing, process control, monitoring and measurement。
Adi owner plays dsp products and applications
Motorola is also the world's largest producer of dsp chips, whose products include fixed and floating, exclusive and universal, 16 and 24 bits and 32 bits. The dsp chips are used mainly in the areas of voice processing, communications, digital cameras, multimedia and control. The main hit products are dsp 56000, dsp 56800, dsp 56800e, msc 8100, dsp 56300, etc。
Dsp technology will continue to be developed and updated in the following areas:
1) dsp core cores are increasingly integrated。
Reducing the size of the dsp chip has been a trend for dsp technology, and more is currently being used on the basis of the risc structure. With the introduction of new technology, a growing number of manufacturers have begun to improve the dsp core and have integrated multiple dsp cores, mpu cores and peripheral circuit units into one chip, achieving integrated circuits at the dsp system level。
2) the programmable dsp chip will be the dominant product in the future。
With the need for personalized development, the programmability of the dsp has provided producers with more flexibility to meet the range of products on which the manufacturer has developed more different types of characteristics on the same dsp chip, as well as the upgrading of the dsp by a wide range of users. For example, refrigerators, washing machines, which used to have microcontrollers, have now been replaced with programmable dsps for large power power power power control。
3) targeted dsps dominate。
Currently, of the dsp devices sold on the market, the 16-bit fixed-point programmable dsp devices continue to dominate the market, and as the cost of dsp fixed-point computing devices continues to be low and the advantages of low energy consumption become apparent, the future fixed-point dsp chip will remain the main market player。
Fpga chip in love with dsp chip
Fpga, the field programmable door array, which emerged as a semi-customed circuit in the area of specialized integrated circuits (asic), addresses both the deficiencies of custom circuits and the limited number of original programmable unit circuits. With the fpga chip, you can create a new invention of cpu core that can be embedded in the fpga chip, and can be embedded in more than one。
Fpga basic structure
The international fpga market is monopolized by four giants: cÉlines, altra, megorism and laedes. Altra and cÉline were inventors of the fpga, in which altra invented the first programmable logical device in the world in 1983 and cÉline in the global 1 fpga product xc2064, launched by the company in 1985. According to data on corporate finance in 2017, serings received $2. 349 billion, altra (acquisitiond by intel) was $1902 million, the fpga business was $421 million and the leeds was $386 million. The two companies, cÉline and altra, account for almost 90 per cent of the entire international market。
2017 fpga market share
The fpga chip is different from the dsp chip. Dsp is a specialized microprocessor that applies to conditional processes, especially more complex multi-calculator tasks. The fpga contains a large amount of resources to achieve a combination logic that allows the larger combination logic circuit design to be completed, as well as a significant number of triggers that enable the fpga to perform complex time-series logic functions。
2016 fpga chip application area
The fpga chip is different from the dsp chip. Dsp is a specialized microprocessor that applies to conditional processes, especially more complex multi-calculator tasks. The fpga contains a large amount of resources to achieve a combination logic that allows the larger combination logic circuit design to be completed, as well as a significant number of triggers that enable the fpga to perform complex time-series logic functions。
Dsp chips are less common and fpga is more common
Dsp has software flexibility, and fpga has hardware speed
Dsp is associated with lower speed events, but there may be some delay before processing them, and the fpga cannot deal with multiple events, because each event has a dedicated hardware, but each event is implemented simultaneously with this dedicated hardware
Dsp is programmed according to the order of the command, while fpga is programmed in a frame style that allows easy view of the data stream。
Comparison of fpga chips with dsp chips
It is also a trend for future design to combine the dsp and the fpga with the emphasis on both structural flexibility, interoperability and the need to deal with complex algorithms, using the dsp+fpga structure, or embedding the dsp module in the fpga chip。
The national dsp has been breached
The development of high-end nationally produced chips has been strongly promoted at the national level by a major “nuclear high-base” specialization. In 2006, the state council promulgated the national medium- and long-term science and technology programmeTechnological developmentThe planning framework (2006-2020), “core electronics, high-end generic chips and basic software products” (known as `nuclear high-level specialty'), ranks 16 major science and technology priorities, also known as `01 specialty'。
The implementation of the special programme has greatly increased the pace of development of our integrated circuit industry. In 2001-2016, the market size of integrated circuits increased from $12. 6 billion to approximately $120 billion, representing nearly 60 per cent of the global market, and industrial sales expanded by more than 23 times, from $18. 8 billion to $43. 36 billion. Domestic research on dsp started later, but developed faster. Middle electric 14 has taken on the task of developing dsp chips。
In 10 years, a sword was sharpened, and 14 co-operated with the university of qinghua to develop the national production of the dsp chip, whiskey 1, which was accepted by the nuclear high-level task force in 2012. Of the 14 more than 10 radar-type products successfully applied by wise 1, the “three most” of the nationally produced multi-nuclear dsp chip-product applications were created: radar equipment with the largest model, single-platform applications and total applications. So far, the whiskey 2 has been successfully developed, has passed the internal tests and will soon be pushed to the market. Next, 14 are planned to introduce more advanced manufacturing processes on the smart and wise 3 to further increase the main frequency, increase general performance, introduce flow-processors in specialized performances, improve the performance of specialized computing, and reduce power consumption。
"wise one" represents the highest level of domestic dsp chip process. The application of dsp and cpu multi-nuclear architecture design techniques in the design of processing systems has shown that the processing capacity and energy consumption of wise one have a clear advantage, that operational multi-mission real-time operating systems are stable and that the overall technical indicators for chips are at or above the international product level. The wise one fills the gap in the area of multi-nuclear dsp and is of great significance and impact in increasing our autonomous research and development capabilities for high-end chips, in upgrading the level of development of electronic equipment and in safeguarding national information security。
Whip
The spirit core 1 was developed successfully by the 38th china electronics technology group team, wu manqing, and was tested in 2012. The spirit core 1 (bwdsp100) is a 32-bit static ultraplasm processor, which is a product of the dsp's second stage of development. The chip is based on the 55nm production process and has full intellectual sovereignty。
Spirit core one
The soul core 1 has reached the international mainstream dsp chip level, bringing it closer to the new version of the united states simulator (adi) ts201 chip. Ts201 is a mainstream dsp chip of adi, which brings together high-speed dsps for fixed and floating point computing. The processor is widely used in video, communications markets and defence military equipment and is suitable for applications where large amounts of data are processed in real time。
Valium 1 against ts201
The soul core 1 is a high-performance generic dsp that can be widely applied in various areas of high-performance signal processing, with typical integrator applications including radar, sonar, electronic countermeasures, etc。
Soul core 2a just released, single-nucleus performance is four times greater than the current international chip performance. On april 23, 2018, china electronics,38 released the sphinx 2a, a fully autonomous system structure, which was developed for six years, with the ecstasy 2a performance 6 times higher than that of ecstasy 1, allowing hundreds of millions of floats to be operated by single nucleus, extended components, upgrade command systems, etc., while having a relatively good application environment and debugging techniques; a single nucleus achieving 1024 floating points fft (quick fourleaf conversion) only takes 1. 6 microseconds to calculate efficiency 3 times higher than tms320c6678 of texas instrument company, with an actual performance of 1. 7 times the capacity of the device with an input rate of 240 gb per second。
Dsp chips have huge market space in civil information
Dsp chips support digital integration of communications, computers and consumer electronics. Dsp covers wireless exchange equipment, base stations and handheld terminals; in the area of network, dsp covers equipment from infrastructure to broadband entry, including ip gateways and ip telephones and cable modems. As china's demand for digital consumer products increases significantly and the dsp's ability to calculate and synchronize digital signals at high speed increases, the dsp application area will gradually be expanded from mobile phone to new digital consumption categories, thus cutting across 3c and becoming more evenly distributed。
Dsp chip plays an important role in smartphones. Dsp chips can bring better voice, audio, image experience to mobile phones, and can greatly enhance the ability of mobile phones to function individually and to operate faster. The strong computing power of the dsp has led to the rapid rise of mobile cellular telephones and the creation of full digital cellular telephone networks such as gsm and cdma. At the same time, dsp chips are an important determinant of the upgrading of electronic products such as mobile phones. According to ministry of industry and communications data, in 2017, there was a net increase of 9,55. 5 million mobile phone subscribers, to a total of 14,22 million, and a penetration rate of 102. 5 mobile phone subscribers, an increase of 6. 9 persons/100 persons over the previous year. The steady increase in mobile phone demand will lead to significant demand for integrated circuits such as dsp chips。
Development of fixed and mobile telephone subscribers, 2000-2017
Mobile broadband demand is changing positively with dsp demand. Dsp-based adsl and hfc are the two most commonly used broadband access technologies, while dsp-based universal systems allow wireless access point communication systems that are more open, flexible and scalable, and therefore demand for mobile broadband is changing positively with dsp demand. By the end of 2017, the total number of fixed internet broadband access users in three basic telecommunications enterprises had reached 349 million, a net increase of 5. 33 million households throughout the year. The total number of mobile broadband subscribers (i. E., 3g and 4g users) reached 11. 30 billion, representing a net increase of 191 million households throughout the year, or 79. 8 per cent of mobile subscribers. With the spread of mobile broadband, future dsp market demand is ready。
Mobile broadband subscribers, 2000-2017 3g, 4g developments
Demand for digital consumer products, such as iptv, is growing, and future market demand for dsp chips in the new digital consumer domain is sustainable. The dsp+fpga-based gateway realization program allows for the conversion of digital television signals into group signals and the integration of cable television operations with telephone voice operations and computer internet operations. In recent years, the state has vigorously introduced affirmative policies and accelerated the development of new and emerging iptv, goods networking, intelligent families, etc. At the end of 2017, the number of iptv users reached 122 million, a net increase of 35. 45 million households throughout the year。
